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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Intelligence
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the variable capacity for reasoning, understanding differences, acquiring differences and solving problems
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Spearman
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'G' Factor
if people intelligent in one area, will be in all |
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Thurstone
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7 distinct "S' Factors
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Gardner
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8 Intelligences
Linguistic, Logical, Musical, Spatial, Bodily, Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, Natural |
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Sternberg
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Triarchic Theory
Analytic, Creative, Practical |
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Sternberg's Triarchic Theory: Analytic
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academic problem solving
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Sternberg's Triarchic Theory: Creative
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general novel ideas and ability to adapt in new situations
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Sternberg's Triarchic Theory: Practical
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common sense required for everyday tasks
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Cattell
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Crystallized and Fluid
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cattell's crystallized
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facts and acquired knoqledge derived from past experience
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Cattell's Fluid
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not based on past experience; perceived relationships b/t stimuli; spatial and visual imagery
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Alfred Binet
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Biner-simon Intelligence scale
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Terman
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Stanford-Binet Test
introduces IQ concept |
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Wechsler
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WAIS 3 and WISC (most common tests for children and adults)
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Hernstein and Murray
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"The Bell Curve" intelligence is genetic and blacks genetically less intelligent
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John Ogbu
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Involuntary minorities in ALL countries score lower b/c poverty puts less emphasis on academics
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Heritability
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Percent of variability in trait that comes from genetics
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Skeels
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orphanage--> adult environment skyrocketed IQs and orphanage dropped
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Milwaukee Project
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Kids in education center higher IQ than at-risk mom
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Creativity
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ability to produce novel and socially valued ideas or objects
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Emotional Intelligence (EQ)
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ability to perceive, express, understand and regulate emotions. More sply, ability to empathize, be self-aware, conflict management, and not be overwhlemedby emotion
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Mitchell
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Marshmallow experiment
Measured delay of gratification and denial of impulse in pursuit of goal. Those who waited more succes and confidence when older |
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Social Psych
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How others affect us. HUman beings have strong need for approval.
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Social pressure
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all psychological forces from others
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Erik Erikson
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8 Psychosocial Stages
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Mary Ainsworth
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investigated infant attachment w/ "strange situation test"
Secure, Avoidant, and Anxious attachment |
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Toddler in preschool
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separates form parents, shows own identity
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Adolescence
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give up child ID and develop adult ID, sense of pupose, and calues and beliefs
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Young Adulthood
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Form meaningful relationships
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Middle Adulthood
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make meaningful contribution to world
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Late Adulthood
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Reflection of how life was lived--> happy
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Psychoanalysis
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Freud's theory of personality that acknowledges subconscious properties and drives
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Freud's ID
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unconscious psychic energy that strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives; pleasure principal--> immediate gratification
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Freud's superego
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outside our awareness but accessible; conscious; internalized ideals
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Freud's ego
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mediates b/t ID and superego
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Freud's PsychoSEXUAL stages
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Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, genitals
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Kohlberg
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3 sub 2
Pre conventional (Punishment and obedience; mutual benefit), Conventional ((Interpersonal Expectations; Mutual Benefit), and Post-conventional (legal principles; universal moral prin. |
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Ethic if Justice
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Male; everyone treated fairly
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Ethic or care
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not turn away fr. anyone that needs help
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Carol Gilligan
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"Difference Feminism"
moral focus of women differetn |
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Deborah Tannen
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Report Talk (boys) vs. Repport Talk (girls)
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Culp Study
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People treat baby different based on perceived sex
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5 stages of Marriage in "strangers, lovers and Friends"
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Dream world, Disillusion, Misery, Awkening, Love
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Acsh Experiment
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Line judgements
tested conformity People more likely to conform in easy task than difficult or ambiguos task |
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Informational influence
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other's answers give info
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Normative Influence
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want to be socially accepted
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Milgrim
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asking for subway seats
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Bystander Effect
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more people around, less likely somone will help
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Diffusion of Responsibility
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individual responsibility reduced because more people around Therefore spread out
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Social norms marketing method
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what people ARE doing
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Cognitive dissonance
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people feel uncomfortable when contradictions exist b/t their beliefs or their actions and belifs so much such that they will change one so there is consistency
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Low Ball
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Agree to sale price, and then "no longer on sale"
Works because during delay people reduce CD by removing doubts |
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up the anty
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agree to one thing then offer/ask one larger
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foot in the Door
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agree to smaller request and then agree to larger one
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reciprocity norm
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give for free and then asked to return favor
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Shared Identity
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relate to customer
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Obedience
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case of compliance when request is perceived as order b/c requester perceived as authority
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Stanley Milgrim Experiment
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Teacher and Shock
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Attribution
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a claim about the cause of someone's behavior
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Actor-observance Difference
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Actor- explains own behavior in terms of situation
Observer- others in terms of disposition |
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Fundamental attribution error
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our tendancy as observer to underestimate situational influences an over-emphazize personal disposition
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Stohls
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reversed attribution error with cammera angle
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