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199 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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MSE components
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Appearance
Behavior Motor activity Mood Affect Speech Perception Thought Process Thought Content Sensorium/Cognition Judgement Insight |
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MMSE components
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Oriented to time x5
Oriented to place x5 Name/Repeat three objects (registration) Serial 7s/”world” backwards Recall three objects Name pencil, watch Repeat “no ifs ands or buts” Follow 3-stage command Read/obey command Write sentence Copy design |
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5 Axes of Psych Dx
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I – major/minor mental disorders
II – MR and Personality disorders III – medical conditions (contributing?) IV – Psychosocial/environmental problems (contributing?) V – Global assessment of functioning |
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Motor activity terminology
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Echopraxia
Catalepsy Catatonic stupor Waxy flexibility Akinesia Cataplexy Stereotypy Mannerism Psychomotor agitation Tic Akathesia Ataxia Psychomotor retardation Dyskinesia Bradykinesia Chorea Dystonia |
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Mood terminology
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Dysphoric mood
Euthymic mood Expansive mood Irritable mood Labile mood Elevated mood Ecstacy Depression Anhedonia Grief Alexithymia Elation Anxiety |
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Affect terminology
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Appropriate Affect
Inappropriate Affect Blunted Affect Restricted/Constricted Affect Flat affect Labile affect |
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Speech terminology
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Pressured speech
Logorrhea Poverty of speech Nonspontaneous speech Poverty of content of speech Dysprosody Dysarthria |
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Perception terminology
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Hallucination
Illusion Dissociative Phenomena |
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Hallucination terminology
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Hypnagogic hallucination
Hypnopompic hallucination Auditory hallucination Visual hallucination Olfactory hallucination Gustatory hallucination Somatic hallucination Mood congruent hallucination Mood incongruent hallucination Command hallucination |
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Dissociative phenomena terminology
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Dissociation
Macropsia Micropsia Depersonalization Derealization Fugue |
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Thought process terminology
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Neologism
Word Salad Circumstantiality Tangentiality Perseveration Verbigeration Echolalia Loosening of Associations Derailment Blocking Flight of ideas Clang association |
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Thought content terminology
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Overvalued Idea
Delusion Suicidal/Homicidal Ideation Obsession Compulsion Phobia |
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Delusion terminology
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Bizzare delusion
Mood congruent delusion Mood incongruent delusion Nihilistic delusion Delusion of poverty Somatic delusion Paranoid delusion Delusion of persecution Delusion of grandeur Delusion of reference Thought withdrawal Thought insertion Thought broadcasting Thought control Delusions of jealousy Erotomanic delusions |
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Sensorium terminology
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Alertness/level of consciousnsess
Orientation Memory Concentration and Attention Capacity to read/write Visuospatial ability Abstract thinking Intelligence |
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Alertness terminology
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Disorientation
Clouding of consciousness Stupor Delirium Coma Somnolence Drowsiness Sundowning |
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Memory terminology
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Amnesia
Anterograde amnesia Retrograde amnesia Confabulation Déjà vu Immediate memory Recent memory Recent past memory Remote memory |
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Concentration terminology
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Distractibility
Selective inattention Hypervigilance Trance |
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Intelligence terminology
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MR
Dementia Pseudodementia |
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MR terminology
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Mild MR
Moderate MR Severe MR profound MR |
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Defense Mechanisms
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Acting out
Denial Devaluation Dissociation Help-rejecting complaining Idealization Projection Splitting Displacement Identification Intellectualization Introjection Isolation of affect Passive aggression Rationalization Reaction Formation Repression Undoing Altruism Anticipation Humor Sublimation Suppression |
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Personality components
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Temperament
Character |
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Temperament components
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Harm avoidance
Novelty seeking Reward dependence Persistence |
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Character components
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Mental mechanisms
Psychological self Self-directedness cooperativeness self transcendence internal/psychological representations of significant others |
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Echopraxia
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imitation of mvmts
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Catalepsy
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immobile position (constant)
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Catatonic stupor
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markedly slow, immobile/unaware of surroundings
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Waxy flexibility
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can be molded in to position which is maintained
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Akinesia
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lack of mvmt
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Cataplexy
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temporary loss of muscle tone (emotional precipitate)
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Stereotypy
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repetitive fixed pattern or mvmt/speech
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Mannerism
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ingrained/habitual involuntary mvmt
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Psychomotor agitation
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motor/cognitive overactivity (non-productive, tension)
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Tic
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involuntary spasmodic mvmt
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Akathesia
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muscle tension from Rx restlessness/pacing/etc.
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Ataxia
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failure of muscle coordination
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Psychomotor retardation
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decreased motor/cognitive activity (slow thought/speech/mvmt)
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Dyskinesia
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difficulty in performing voluntary mvmts
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Bradykinesia
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slowness of spontaneous mvmt
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Chorea
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random/involuntary quick, jerky, purposeless mvmt
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Dystonia
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slow, sustained contractions of limbs
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Mood
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pervasive and sustained emotion
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Dysphoric mood
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unpleasant, semi-sad mood
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Euthymic mood
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nl range of mood (no depressed, no elevated)
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Expansive mood
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expression of feelings w/out restraint (overestimation of import)
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Irritable mood
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state of being easily annoyed/angered
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Labile mood
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oscillations between euphoria, depression, anxiety
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Elevated mood
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confidence, enjoyment, more cheerful mood
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Ecstacy
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intense happiness
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Depression
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pathological feeling of sadness
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Anhedonia
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loss of interest, w/drawal from pleasurable activities
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Grief
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appropriate sadness
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Alexithymia
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difficulty in describing/awareness of one’s own mood
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Elation
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feelings of joy/euphoria/self-satisfaction/etc.
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Anxiety
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apprehension in anticipation of danger
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Affect
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observed expression of emotion
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Appropriate Affect
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emotional tone is in harmony w/ idea/thought/speech
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Inappropriate Affect
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disharmony between feeling/tone w/ idea/thought/speech
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Blunted Affect
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severe reduction in intensity of externalized feeling tone
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Restricted/Constricted Affect
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moderate reduction in intensity of externalized feeling tone
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Flat affect
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(near) absence of signs of expression
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Labile affect
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rapid/abrupt changes in emotional feeling tone (unrelated to external stimuli)
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Speech
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ideas/thoughts/feelings expressed through language
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Pressured speech
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rapid speech, increased in amt, difficult to interrupt
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Logorrhea
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copious, coherent, logical speech
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Poverty of speech
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restriction in amt of speech used +/- monosyllabic
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Nonspontaneous speech
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no self-initiation of speech (respond when asked)
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Poverty of content of speech
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adequate amt of speech that conveys nothing (vagueness etc.)
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Dysprosody
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loss of nl melody of speech
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Dysarthria
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difficulty in articulation
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Perception
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transfer of physical stimulation into psychological (sensory awareness)
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Hallucination
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false sensory perception
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Hypnagogic hallucination
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hallucination while going to sleep
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Hypnopompic hallucination
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hallucination while awakening from sleep
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Auditory hallucination
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false perception of sound
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Visual hallucination
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false perception of sight
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Olfactory hallucination
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false perception of smell
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Gustatory hallucination
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false perception of taste
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Somatic hallucination
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false sense of things occurring in body
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Mood congruent hallucination
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hallucination w/ content consistent w/ manic/depressed mood
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Mood incongruent hallucination
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halluciantion w/ content not consistent w/ manic/depressed mood
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Command hallucination
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false perception of orders one must obey
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Illusion
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misperception of real sensory stimuli
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Dissociation
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segregation of mental processes from rest of psychic activity (defense mech)
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Macropsia
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objects seem larger
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Micropsia
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objects seem smaller
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Depersonalization
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sense of being unreal, strange, unfamiliar
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Derealization
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sense that environment is unreal, strange
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Fugue
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new identity w/ amnesia for old identity
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Thoughts
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goal directed flow of ideas etc. initiated by task reality oriented conclusion
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Thought process
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flow of one idea to another (logical process)
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Neologism
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new word combining syllables of other words
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Word Salad
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incoherent mixture of words and phrases
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Circumstantiality
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indirect speech that is delayed in reaching the point (too many details)
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Tangentiality
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inability to have goal directed associations of thought (does not reach goal)
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Perseveration
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persisting response to previous stimulus
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Verbigeration
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meaningless repetition of words/phrases
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Echolalia
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pathological repeating of words/phrases of another person
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Loosening of Associations
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ideas shift from one subject to unrelated subjects +/- incoherent
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Derailment
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deviation in train of thought w/ blocking
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Blocking
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abrupt interruption in train of thought w/ no recall of what was being said
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Flight of ideas
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rapid continuous verbalizations, ideas tend to be connected
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Clang association
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association of words similar in sound but not meaning
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Thought content
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reality/conclusions arising in thoughts
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Overvalued idea
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unreasonable false belief maintained moderately firmly
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Delusion
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fixed false belief
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Bizzare delusion
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absurd, implausible belief
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Mood congruent delusion
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delusion w/ mood appropriate content
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Mood incongruent delusion
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delusions w/ content that has no association to mood
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Nihilistic delusion
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feeling that self/others/world is coming to an end
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Delusion of poverty
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feeling that self is destitute/will be deprived of possessions
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Somatic delusion
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false belief of bodily functioning
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Paranoid delusion
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persucatory/reference/control/grandeur
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Delusion of persecution
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false belief of harassment/cheated/persecuted
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Delusion of grandeur
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exagerrated belief in power/importance
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Delusion of reference
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behavior of others refers to himself OR events have significance
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Thought withdrawal
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delusion of forces removing one’s thoughts
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Thought insertion
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delusion of thoughts being implanted
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Thought broadcasting
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delusion of thoughts being able to be heard
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Thought control
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delusion that one’s thoughts are being controlled by another
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Delusions of jealousy
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false belief of a lover being unfaithful
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Erotomanic delusions
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delusion that someone afar is in love w/ them
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Suicidal/homicidal ideation
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preoccupation of thoughts of homicide or suicide
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Obsession
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persistence of thought/feeling, cannot be eliminated by logic, +anxiety
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Compulsion
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need to act on impulse (inaction anxiety)
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Phobia
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pathological dread of specific stimulus/situation avoidance
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Disorientation
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disturbance of orientation to time/person/place
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Clouding of consciousness
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incomplete clear mindedness w/ disturbance of perception/attitude
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Stupor
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lack or rxn/awareness of surroundings
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Delirium
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disoriented rxn + fear/hallucinations
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Coma
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profound unconsciousness
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Somnolence
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abnormal drowsiness
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Drowsiness
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impaired awareness+ desire to sleep
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Sundowning
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nighttime confusion/falling (elderly)
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Amnesia
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partial-total inability to recall past
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Anterograde amnesia
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amnesia for events after a certain point in time
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Retrograde amnesia
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amnesia for events before a certain point in time
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Confabulation
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onconscious filling in of gaps in memory (person believes)
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Déjà vu
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illusion of new situation being repetition of similar memory
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Immediate memory
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seconds-min (memory)
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Recent memory
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last few days (memory)
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Recent past memory
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few months (memory)
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Remote memory
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distant past (>months) (memory)
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Distractibility
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inability to [] attn (attn to irrelevant stimuli)
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Selective inattention
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block out only things generating anxiety
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Hypervigilance
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excessive attn focus on stimuli (internal and external)
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Trance
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focused attn + altered consciousness
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Abstract thinking
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appreciate nuances of meaning/use metaphors/hypotheses
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Concrete thinking
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one-dimensional thought, no metaphor ability
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Intelligence
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use previous learning in new situations
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MR
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low IQ poor performance
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Mild MR
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50-55 - 70
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Moderate MR
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35-40 – 50-55
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Severe MR
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20-25 – 35-40
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Profound MR
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<20-25
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Dementia
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pathological global deterioration of intellectual fxning (w/ clouding of consciousness)
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Pseudodementia
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clinical features resembling dementia often caused by depression
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Insight
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ability to understand cause and meaning of situation
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Impaired insight
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diminished ability to understand reality of situation
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Judgement
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ability to assess situation and act appropriately
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Impaired judgement
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inability to appropriately weight risks/benefits of situation for decisions
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Id
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basic instincts; seeks gratification
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Ego
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conscious/unconscious mediator; perception/memory/logic/act/defense mech
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Superego
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moral conscience; subconscious moral values (regardless of observers)
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conscious
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readily accessible mind
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unconscious
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inaccessible mind; manifests in behaviors
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preconscious
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bridge between conscious and unconscious; = dreams or fantasies
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Acting out
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emotion action not feeling
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Denial
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refuse to acknowledge reality/experience
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Devaluation
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attribute exaggerated negative qualities to one’s self or others
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Dissociation
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breakdown of self connected to environment (memory, perception)
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Help-rejecting complaining
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making requests/complaints to disguise hostility/reproach
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Idealization
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attributes exaggerated positive qualities to others
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Projection
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falsely attribute own unacceptable feelings to another
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Splitting
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compartmentalizing opposite emotional states; failing to integrate positive and negative qualities of individuals
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Displacement
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transfers feeling about one object to another (less threatening) object
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Identification
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deals with loss of an object by identifying with the object
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Intellectualization
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exessive use of abstract thinking/generalizations
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Introjection
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internalize qualities of an object/person that causes stress (Stockholm syndrome)
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Isolation of affect
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separates ideas from the feelings originally associated w/ them
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Passive aggression
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indirectly expressing aggression toward others
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Rationalization
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conceal true motivations for thoughts/actions/feelings w/ other explanation
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Reaction Formation
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substitute behavior/thoughts/feelings diametrically opposed to actual/initial behavior etc.
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Repression
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expell disturbing thoughts/experiences from consciousness
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Undoing
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express words/behavior to make amends from unacceptable thoughts/feelings/actions
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Altruism
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dedication to meeting needs of others
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Anticipation
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experience emotional rxn in advance of future events; consider alternative responses
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Humor
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emphasize amusing/ironic aspects of conflict
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Sublimation
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channel maladaptive feelings into socially acceptable behaviors
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Suppression
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INTENTIONALLY avoid thoughts related to stressor
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Personality
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enduring personal organization that determines unique adjustment to environment
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Temperament
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emotional/adaptive aspects of how one behaves (heritable?, identified early)
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Harm avoidance
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pessimistic/anxious v. optimistic/risk taking
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Novelty seeking
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impulsive/irritable v. rigid/stoical
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Reward dependence
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sociable/warm/attn to pleasing others v. aloft/cold
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Persistence
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perservering/ambitious v. easily discouraged/lazy/apathetic
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Character
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conceptualization of self as individual, part of society, part of universe (weakly heritable, mostly social learning/culture)
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Self-directedness
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responsible/resourceful v. blaming/inept
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cooperativeness
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helpful/principled v. hostile/opportunistic/competitive
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self transcendence
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intuitive/insightful v. concrete/conventional/self-centered
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