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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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psychotherapy can produce brain changes T/F
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T
Learning changes sx of brain |
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Fundamentals to Psychotherapy
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Patient is honest
Patient is able to learn Psychotherapist displays empathy Therapist and patient have a trusting relationship Confidentiality is maintained |
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Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy
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"talking cure"
Freud founded this school Responsible for the “discovery” of the unconscious The goal of therapy is to bring unconscious processes into the conscious mind Therapy often focuses on past or fantasy/dreams |
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Important Techniques of Psychotherapy
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Patient talks freely
Associations are pointed out Aspects of the relationship between therapist and patient are interpreted (transference) Less healthy defenses employed by the patient are analyzed and eliminated |
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**Transference
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We all make intellectual and emotional assumptions in new relationships
These assumptions are learned from past relationships (amygdala?) The transference consists of the emotional assumptions brought to a new relationship |
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Defenses
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Techniques employed by the unconscious mind in order to avoid unpleasant consequences
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examples of defences
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Denial: “I do not have to study until Sunday”
Projection: “He always seems so judgmental of other people” Humor: Class clown Sublimation: Neurosurgeon with a brother institutionalized for a brain injury |
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Behavioral Therapy
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Based upon the theory that psychopathology is learned behavior
Concerns itself with observable stimuli and responses (symptoms) More amenable to scientific inquiry |
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Basic Construct for Classic Conditioning in Behavioral Therapy
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"Pavlov's Dog"
food = salivation food + bell = salivation bell = salivation |
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Challenges of Behavioral Therapy
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Resistance
Example-couples therapy or perfectionism If you give up your gripe, you give up your internal standing |
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Applications of Behavioral Therapy
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Systemic Desensitization
- Gradually increased exposures - Start with least anxious Relaxation Training Flooding - Exposure in vivo Assertiveness Training - Skills training |
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Example of desensitization for fear of water
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Take a bath
Take a shower Go into the shallow end of a pool Swim breaststroke in shallow end Swim crawl in shallow end Jump into the shallow end Jump in shallow end and do crawl……….. |
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Relaxation Training
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Progressive Muscle Relaxation
- Progress through muscle groups maintaining tension - Keep tension for 10-15 seconds - Provides distraction as well as development of a muscle sense |
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Indication of Behavioral Therapy
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Agoraphobia-graded exposure and flooding
Alcohol Dependence-(e.g., antabuse) aversion therapy with disulfiram Anorexia Nervosa-record weight Bulimia Nervosa-keep records and logs Phobias- systemic desensitization Paraphilias- aversive conditioning Behavior control-token system Sex therapy- relaxation and desensitization |
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Cognitive Therapy
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Based upon the theory that cognitive dysfunction is the core of depression
Identification of cognitive distortions and label them Use of homework and assigned reading |
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Cognitive distortions in depression
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Overgeneralization: “No medication will ever work for me”
Catastrophizing: “This assignment will never get done and I will flunk out of school” Dichotomous thinking: “I am either fit or fat” |
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Indications for Cognitive Therapy
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-Mild to moderate Major Depressive Disorder
-With meds in more severe Major Depressive Disorder -Can help with treatment adherence (compliance) |
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Interpersonal Psychotherapy
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Time-limited
Indication is Major Depressive Disorder Manual driven Goal is to strengthen interpersonal supports Effective in geriatric, adolescent, HIV+, adult, and family settings |
