Psychotherapies

Front 1

Features of psychotherapy patient

Back 1

1. Aware of distress, pain or dysfunction
2. Cannot cope
3. Motivated - wants to change
4. Asks for help, and believes in ability of psychotherapist

Front 2

Features of psychotherapist

Back 2

1. Good listener
2. Robust and flexible mind
3. Knowledge of theoretical models
4. Knowledge of procedures and techniques for change

Front 3

Features of psychotherapy setting

Back 3

1. Safe - quiet, predictable
2. Relationship - trustworthy, no negative consequences
3. Raises patient hopes and expectations

Front 4

Features of therapeutic relationship

Back 4

1. Intimate
2. Firm boundaries of dialogue
3. Asymmetrical - acknowledges power differential between patient and psychotherapist

Front 5

Psychotherapy models

Back 5

1. Psychodynamic
2. Behavioural/cognitive
3. Experiential/humanistic

Front 6

Psychodynamic therapy - goals

Back 6

1. Move towards secure attachment state, robust self, reflective mind
2. Coherence and collaborativeness, autonomous/flexible state of mind

Front 7

Features of modern psychodynamic therapy

Back 7

1. Transference - unconscious repetition of early attachment relationships
2. Reparative relationship - conversation that builds and repairs mind
3. Helped by modern understanding of memory (implicit and explicit)
4. Session focus more important than homework

Front 8

Four components of attachment

Back 8

1. Dismissive
2. Secure
3. Preoccupied
4. Disorganised

Front 9

Features of dismissive attachment style

Back 9

'I have to do it myself'
Others not helpful/reject me
Focus on independence and material success

Front 10

Features of secure attachment style

Back 10

'I am free to ask for help'
Others are useful and reliable

Front 11

Features of preoccupied attachment style

Back 11

'I can't do it myself'
Diminished sense of competency
Others are unreliable

**Most likely to seek out psychotherapies**

Front 12

Features of disorganised attachment style

Back 12

'I can't do it'
Others will make it worse

Front 13

Contemporary Dynamic Technique (CDT) - principles

Back 13

Focus on affect and expressing emotion
Exploration of avoiding distressing thoughts and feelings
Identifying recurring themes and patterns
Discussing past experiences
Focus on interpersonal and therapy relationships

Front 14

Principle of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)

Back 14

Elimination of symptoms, maladaptive behaviours and maladaptive patterns

Front 15

Goals in CBT

Back 15

1. Specific but achievable
2. Formulated between patient and therapist at start of therapy
3. Formulation of a cooperative patient-therapist relationship

Front 16

Techniques in CBT

Back 16

Shape and model patient's behaviour
1. Direct teaching
2. Help with recognition of alternatives
3. Practiced and repeated

Front 17

Issues in psychotherapy

Back 17

1. Clarifying role of therapist
2. Ensuring initial relaince on therapist does not turn into dependence - set boundaries
3. Communication - deep empathetic listening more important than talking

Front 18

Empathy - definition

Back 18

Understanding things outside ourselves, knowing what it is like to feel and think like the patient

Front 19

CBT procedures

Back 19

1. Engaging - listening in a safe atmosphere
2. Educating expectations and goals - emphasis on here and now
3. Support - emphasising strengths, encouragement

Front 20

Formulating strategies in CBT

Back 20

Gain a better understanind of problem
Change patient's perspective
Help patient look for alternatives
Coping strategies
Emphasise responsibility

Front 21

Difficulties in psychotherapy

Back 21

Measuring outcomes - applying EBM, quantifying what goes on during surgery, evaluating relationship

Front 22

Length of psychotherapy treatment

Back 22

several sessions to several years (8-16 session common)