Psychopharmacology Exam 2

Front 1

1. The central serotonin system is important in what?

Back 1

Sleep and mood, motor neuron function, pain

Front 2

2. Which neurotransmitter has been historically associated with schizophrenia?

Back 2

Dopamine

Front 3

3. Two principal dopamine neuronal pathways in the central nervous system are called what?

Back 3

Nigrostriatal, mesocorticolimbic

Front 4

4. The central dopamine system is important in what?

Back 4

Behavioral switching

Front 5

5. Which neurotransmitter system has been associated with Alzheimer’s disease?

Back 5

Cholinergic

Front 6

6. Which neurotransmitter system has been associated with Parkinson’s disease?

Back 6

Dopaminergic

Front 7

7. Which neurotransmitter systems have been associated with affective (depression) disorders?

Back 7

Serotonin, norapinephrine

Front 8

8. What enzymatic metabolizing difference between dopaminergic systems, compared to noradrenergic and serotonergic systems, allows drug companies to produce an anti-depressant that acts on norepinephrine and serotonin, but not dopamine transmission?

Back 8

MAOa and MAOb (dopamine neurons have both)

Front 9

9. Why is the tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic pathway important to monitoring the effects of antipsychotic drugs?

Back 9

Prolactin inhibitory hormone – can meausure rise of prolactin, measured in bloodstream, indicator of efficacy

Front 10

10. There are 5 dopamine receptors. Of these 5, one is like another, while the other 3 are similar to each other but different from the other 2. What are these relationships?

Back 10

1 2 3 4 5
1 is 5 like
2, 3, 4 is alike

Front 11

11. A simple difference between Parkinson’s disease and Huntington’s chorea is what?

Back 11

P – tremor with movement; H – tremor at rest

Front 12

12. Dopamine transmission in the basal ganglia is critically important to what?

Back 12

Extraparametal motor control

Front 13

13. Norepinephrine neurons have their greatest concentration of cell bodies in the what?

Back 13

Locus ceruleus

Front 14

14. Norepinephrine is metabolized by what enzyme?

Back 14

MAO

Front 15

15. The rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of all of the catecholamines is called what?

Back 15

Tyrosine hydroxelaze

Front 16

16. Catecholamines is a general term that refers to what transmitters?

Back 16

Dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine

Front 17

17. Buspirone is a drug used to treat anxiety and depression and is thought to act as an agonist on what neurotransmitter system?

Back 17

Serotonin

Front 18

18. The pharmacological action of Prozac is to do what?

Back 18

Inhibit reuptake of serotonin

Front 19

19. The mechanism in which serotonin works in concert with enkephalin to relieve acute pain is commonly know as the what?

Back 19

Spinal gating mechanism

Front 20

20. The dietary precursor for acetylcholine is called what?

Back 20

Choline

Front 21

21. What is the subtype acetylcholine receptor found in all skeletal muscles?

Back 21

Nicotinic ach

Front 22

22. Some muscarinic acetylcholine antagonists are used in the treatment of what?

Back 22

Parkinson’s

Front 23

23. One of the most common drugs used to treat Alzheimer’s disease is called Tacrine. What is its mechanism of action?

Back 23

Inhibition of ach esterase (increased ach)

Front 24

24. The major inhibitory transmitters in the central nervous system are called what?

Back 24

GABA, glycine

Front 25

25. The GABA subtype receptor GABA-B is an interesting target for pharmaceuticals because it is localized to what part of GABA neurons?

Back 25

Presynaptic autoreceptor

Front 26

26. What class of therapeutic drugs acts on GABA receptors?

Back 26

Benzodiazepines

Front 27

27. What neurotransmitter receptor does glycine act on to enhance the efficacy of that transmitter for its receptor?

Back 27

NMDA – facilitates glutamate

Front 28

28. The major excitatory transmitters in the central nervous system are what?

Back 28

Glutamate, aspartate

Front 29

29. What are the main receptor subtypes for glutamate in the central nervous system?

Back 29

NMDA
AMPA

Front 30

30. The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor is an unusual glutamate receptor in that in order for it to work what must happen to it first?

Back 30

It’s also voltage gated (in addition to being chemically gated) – needs to be depolarized to unblock mg ions

Front 31

31. Synaptic plasticity that occurs upon activation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor is formally known as what?

Back 31

Long-Term Potentiation

Front 32

32. In addition to activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors underlying synaptic plasticity their overactivation can lead to what?

Back 32

Cell or neuronal death

Front 33

33. From the oldest to the most recent, the evolution of neurotransmitters followed the course of?

Back 33

Neuropeptides, amino acids, catecholamines

Front 34

34. Neuropeptides differ from classical transmitters in that they are synthesized where?

Back 34

Synthesized in the cell body and transported to the terminal for release (less efficient)

Front 35

35. There are several opioid neuropeptides in the brain, which of the following is not one of them. (the following ARE)

Back 35

Enkephalin
Dynorphin
Endorphin
Endomorphin
Nociceptin