Psychopathology Week 11 - Legal And Ethical Issues

Front 1

The laws that state the conditions under which people not accused of a crime can be legally committed to a mental hospital, even against their will, are:
a. Criminal commitment laws
b. Hospitalisation laws
c. Civil Commitment laws
d. Civil laws

Back 1

c. Civil Commitment laws

Front 2

The link between violence and mental illness is:
a. Violent people tend to exhibit more mental disorders than other people
b. People with mental disorders tend to be more violent than other people
c. Related to specific symptoms and disorders
d. People with psychological disorders are less likely to get caught

Back 2

c. Related to specific symptoms and

Front 3

The M’Naghten rule decreed that:
a. People who are mentally ill are not responsible for their criminal behaviour
b. People are not responsible for criminal behaviour if they are not aware of what they are doing or that it is wrong
c. Mentally ill people in need of treatment may be involuntarily admitted to mental hospitals
d. Mentally ill people may be involuntarily admitted to mental hospitals if they are judged to be dangerous to self or others

Back 3

b. People are not responsible for criminal behaviour if they are not aware of what they are doing or that it is wrong

Front 4

Dr Leroy has a client who has talked about killing people. Dr Leroy is not certain whether these threats should be brought to the attention of potential victims. What should Dr Leroy do?
a. Warn the potential victims
b. Notify the police
c. Maintain the client’s confidentiality and privacy
d. Ask colleagues for a second opinion

Back 4

d. Ask colleagues for a second opinion

Front 5

Which of the following is a FALSE statement in regard to prediction of dangerousness?
a. Mental health professionals can predict with high reliability if a particular person will become violent.
b. Generally speaking, persons with a previous history of violence are more likely to be dangerous than individuals without a past history of violence.
c. Generally speaking, persons with a previous history of substance abuse are more likely to be dangerous than individuals without a past history of drug or alcohol abuse.
d. Research suggests that mental health professionals are better at determining relative risk than determining dangerousness on a case-by- case basis.

Back 5

a. Mental health professionals can predict with high reliability if a particular person will become violent.

Front 6

Which of the following is NOT a right of research participants?
a. To be informed about the purpose of the study
b. To be informed of their performance on any tests conducted on them in the course of the research
c. To refuse to participate after agreeing to do so
d. To remain anonymous in the results and records of the research

Back 6

b. To be informed of their performance on any tests conducted on them in the course of the research

Front 7

The first major consideration on the clinical utility axis is feasibility, which asks all of the following questions EXCEPT:
a. Will the person accept the intervention?
b. Will clients comply with the requirements?
c. Has research shown the treatment to be effective?
d. Is the treatment relatively easy to administer?

Back 7

c. Has research shown the treatment to be effective?

Front 8

Whether a particular intervention is effective with different patients, in different settings, or with different therapists is referred to as:
a. Generalisability
b. Feasability
c. External validity
d. Clinical replication

Back 8

a. Generalisability

Front 9

laws that detail when a person can be legally declared to have a mental illness and be placed in a hospital for treatment are known as

Back 9

civil commitment laws

Front 10

Which two types of authority permit the government to take actions that are against a citizen’s will

Back 10

police power and parens patriae

Front 11

State power used to commit individuals with severe mental illness to mental health facilities when it is believed that they might be harmed because they are unable to secure the basic necessities of life, such as food and shelter (grave disability), or because they do not recognize their need for treatment

Back 11

parens patriae

Front 12

a legal concept, typically meaning severe emotional or thought disturbances that negatively affect an individual’s health and safety.

Back 12

Mental illness

Front 13

a particularly controversial concept to describe people with mental illness: according to popular opinion, people who are mentally ill are more like this than those who are not

Back 13

Dangerousness

Front 14

the movement of people with severe mental illness out of institutions.

Back 14

Deinstitutionalisation

Front 15

Deinstitutionalization had two goals:

Back 15

(1) to close the large state mental hospitals and (2) to create a network of community mental health centers where the released individuals could be treated.

Front 16

Several conditions must be met before the state is permitted to commit a person involuntarily: The person has a(n) (1) ____________ and is in need of treatment, the person is considered (2) ____________ to herself or others, and the person is unable to care for himself or herself, also known as (3) ____________.

Back 16

1. Mental disorder 2. Dangerousness 3. Grave disability

Front 17

Mental illness is a(n) (1) ____________ concept, typically meaning severe emotional or thought disturbances that negatively affect an individual’s health and safety, although this definition differs from state to state. When the laws about civil commitment emerged, (2) ____________ (movement of disabled individuals out of mental institutions) and (3) ____________ (movement of disabled individuals to a less restrictive facility) also occurred.

Back 17

1. Legal 2. Deinstitutionalisation 3. Transinstitutionalisation

Front 18

the process by which people are held because (1) they have been accused of committing a crime and are detained in a mental health facility until they can be assessed as fit or unfit to participate in legal proceedings against them, or (2) they have been found not guilty of a crime by reason of insanity.

Back 18

Criminal commitment

Front 19

Rule stating that people are not responsible for their criminal behavior if they do not know what they are doing or if they don’t know that what they are doing is wrong

Back 19

M’Naghten rule

Front 20

Rule which broadened the criteria for responsibility from knowledge of right or wrong to state that the “accused is not criminally responsible if his unlawful act was the product of mental disease or mental defect”

Back 20

The Durham rule

Front 21

People are not responsible for their criminal behaviour if, because of their mental illness, they cannot recognize the inappropriateness of their behaviour or control it

Back 21

American Law Institute recommendation

Front 22

Evidence of abnormal mental condition would be admissible to affect the degree of crime for which an accused could be convicted. Specifically, those offenses requiring intent or knowledge could be reduced to lesser included offenses requiring only reckless or criminal neglect.

Back 22

Diminished Capacity

Front 23

A person charged with a criminal offense should be found not guilty by reason of insanity if it is shown that, as a result of mental disease or mental retardation, he was unable to appreciate the wrongfulness of his conduct at the time of his offense.

Back 23

Insanity Defence Reform Act

Front 24

The defendant does not go to trial because she is unable to understand the proceedings and assist in the defense.

Back 24

competence to stand trial,

Front 25

The person could not distinguish between right and wrong at the time of the crime.

Back 25

M’Naghten rule

Front 26

The person is not responsible for the crime if he is not able to appreciate the wrongfulness of behavior caused by mental disease or defect.

Back 26

American Law Institute rule

Front 27

One of my clients threatened his mother’s life during his session today. Now I must decide whether I have a(n) ____________.

Back 27

duty to warn

Front 28

A mental disorder could lessen a person’s ability to understand criminal behavior and to form criminal intent.

Back 28

diminished capacity

Front 29

Dr. Z testified in court that the defendant was faking and exaggerating symptoms to evade responsibility. Dr. Z is acting as a(n) ____________, and the defendant is ____________.

Back 29

expert witness, malingering

Front 30

The person is not criminally responsible if the crime was the result of “mental disease or mental defect.”

Back 30

Durham rule

Front 31

Recently, clinical practice guidelines were established on two axes. The ____________ axis is a consideration of the scientific evidence to determine whether the intervention in question is effective.

Back 31

clinical efficacy

Front 32

The ____________ axis is concerned with an intervention’s effectiveness in the clinical setting where it will be applied, not in the research setting.

Back 32

clinical utility

Front 33

The clinical researcher knows the potential for harm of the participants is slight but is nevertheless careful to tell them about it and asks them whether they agree to give their ____________.

Back 33

informed consent

Front 34

Clinical practice guidelines are designed to safeguard clients and ____________.

Back 34

reduce costs

Front 35

The Supreme Court ruling in Riggins v. Nevada helped support a patient’s right to ____________.

Back 35

refuse treatment