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28 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
psychomotor stimmulant
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Amphetamine (BENZEDRINE, BIPHETAMINE, ADDERAL)
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what isomer of amphetamine containing an asymmetric carbon exerts the greater effect in the CNS
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d isomer
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psychomotor stimmulant modified via linkage to lysine, which limits the abuse potential of this amphetamine
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Lisdexamphetamine
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psychomotor stimmulant, presence of methyl groups makes it resistant to metabolism by Monoamine oxidase (MAO), and increases its lipid solubility
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Methamphetamine (DESOXYN)
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"speed" "crank" "ice"
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psychomotor stimmulant that is used in treatment ADD in children (stimulation of locus ceruleus to enable child to focus attention)
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Methylphenidate (RITALIN)
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psychomotor stimmulant found in leaves of Catha edulis plant
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Cathinone (Khat, "Kat" or "Cat")
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psychomotor stimmulant that is used as a sympathomimetic agent (banned by FDA)
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Ephedrine
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psychomotor stimmulant used in treatment of narcolepsy
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Modafanil (PROVIGIL)
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psychomotor stimmulant CNS effects
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delay "fatigue induced" decline in performance,
rebound effect (crashing), tolerance and dependence, withdrawal syndrome, amphetamine psychosis (similar to paranoid schizophrenia), reversible suppression of appetite |
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psychomotor stimmulant Peripheral effects
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primarily sympathomimetic: HTN, tachycardia, arrhythmia, mydriasis
metabolic: decreased food intake, malnutrition |
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psychomotor stimmulant Mode Of Action
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enhanced release and inhibition of uptake of DA and NE (ACUTELY),
possible stimulation of alpha receptors in reward centers, decrease of DA in reward centers (CHRONIC effect) |
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what to do to get rid of psychomotor stimmulant in case of OD?
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enhanced excretion in acidic urine, thus, acidify urine
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urine-acidifying drugs: ammonium chloride, ascorbic acid, potassium or sodium phosphate
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uses of amphetamines
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narcolepsy, ADD (paradoxical effect possible->can't focus b/c catecholamine pathways are stimulated), obesity and weight reduction
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dosage for snorted or IV cocaine (Cocaine HCl salt)
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50-75 mg/line
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dosage for "crack" cocaine (to smoke)
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15-25 mg/dose
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major metabolite of cocaine (metabolized by plasma esterase and liver)
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bezoylecognine
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pharmacological CNS effects of cocaine are similar to effects of...
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amphetamines (stimulation, increased arousal, euphoria-dysphoria, increased confidence/social activity, tolerance/dependence) Powerful reinforcer
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with high doses ->psychotic rxns similar to amphetamine psychosis
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peripheral effects of cocaine
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mydriasis (dilated) pupils, tachycardia, arrhythmia, hypertension---> sympathetic,
deterioration of nasal septum with snorting, pulmonary edema |
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physiologic mechanisms
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dopaminergic pathways in limbic areas of brain (block the synaptic reuptake of DA)
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blocks reuptake of DA but does not deplete levels of DA
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Bupropion (WELLBUTRIN)
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an opioid that has been shown to decrease craving for cocaine
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Buprenorphine
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DA agonist
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Bromocriptine (PARLODEL)
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a methylxanthine used in treatment of asthma
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Theophylline
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a methylxanthine salt that is used in treatment of severe asthma
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Aminophylline
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salt of Theophylline
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methylxanthines used in treatment of apnea (slow respiration ) in neonates particularly
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caffeine and Theophylline
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caffeine effects peripherally and centrally (CNS)
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CNS - constriction
Renal and peripheral vascular - dilation (thus, urine production UP) |
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spinal cord stimulant that antagonizes at glycine receptors, removes post synaptic inhibitory influences and leads to development of severe toxic seizures
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Strychnine
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rat poison
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Tetanus Toxin mechanism
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inhibits the release of glycine from Renshaw cells
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