Psychology Vocab From Chapter 12 Of Invitation To Psychology

Front 1

antipsychotic drugs

Back 1

drugs used primarily in the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders.

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antidepressant drugs

Back 2

Drugs used primarily in the treatment of mood disorders, especially depression and anxiety.

Front 3

tranquilizers

Back 3

Drugs commonly but often inappropriately prescribed for patients who complain of unhappiness, anxiety, or worry.

Front 4

lithium carbonate

Back 4

A drug frequently given to people suffering from bipolar disorder.

Front 5

placebo effect

Back 5

The apparent success of a medication or treatment that is due to the patient's expectations or hopes rather than to the drug or treatment itself.

Front 6

psychosurgery

Back 6

Any surgical procedure that destroys selected areas of the brain believed to be involved in emotional disorders or violent, impulsive behavior.

Front 7

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Back 7

A procedure used in cases or prolonged and severe major depression, in which a brief brain seizure is induced.

Front 8

psychoanalysis

Back 8

A method of "depth" psychotherapy developed by Sigmund Freud, emphasizing the exploration of unconscious motives and conflicts.

Front 9

free association

Back 9

In psychodynamic therapies, the process of saying freely whatever comes to mind in connection with dreams, memories, fantasies, or conflicts.

Front 10

psychodynamic therapies

Back 10

Psychotherapies that share the goal of exploring the unconscious dynamics of personality, although they differ from Freudian analysis in various ways.

Front 11

transference

Back 11

In psychodynamic therapies, a critical process in which the client transfers unconscious emotions or reactions, such as emotional feelings about his or her parents, onto the therapist.

Front 12

behavior therapy

Back 12

A form of therapy that applies principles of classical and operant conditioning to help people change self-defeating or problematic behaviors.

Front 13

graduated exposure

Back 13

In behavior therapy, a method in which a person suffering from an anxiety disorder, such as a phobia or panic attacks, is gradually confronted with the feared object or situation until the anxiety subsides.

Front 14

flooding

Back 14

in behavior therapy, a form of exposure treatment in which the client is take directly into the feared situation until his or her panic subsides.

Front 15

systematic desensitization

Back 15

In behavior therapy, a step-by-step process of desensitizing a client to a feared object or experience; it is based on the classical-conditioning procedure of counterconditioning.

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behavioral self monitoring

Back 16

In behavior therapy, a method of keeping careful data on the frequency and consequences of the behavior to be changed.

Front 17

skills training

Back 17

in behavior therapy, an effort to teach the client skills that he or she may lack, as well as new constructive behaviors to replace self defeating ones.

Front 18

cognitive therapy

Back 18

A form of therapy designed to identify and change irrational, unproductive ways of thinking and, hence, to reduce negative emotions and their behavioral consequences.

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rational emotive behavior therapy

Back 19

A form of cognitive therapy devised by Albert Ellis, designed to challenge the client's unrealistic or irrational thoughts.

Front 20

humanist therapy

Back 20

A form a psychotherapy based on the philosophy of humanism, which emphasized people's free will to change, not past conflicts.

Front 21

client-centered (nondirective) therapy

Back 21

A humanist approach to therapy devised by Carl Rogers, which emphasizes the therapist's empathy with the client and the use of unconditional positive regard.

Front 22

existential therapy

Back 22

A form of therapy designed to help clients explore the meaning of existence and face the great questions of life, such as death, freedom, alienation, and loneliness.

Front 23

family-systems perspective

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An approach to doing therapy with individuals or families by emphasizing how each family member forms part of a larger interacting system.

Front 24

therapeutic alliance

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1The bond of confidence and mutual understanding established between therapist and client, which allows them to work together to solve the client's problems.

Front 25

randomized controlled trials

Back 25

Research designed to determine the effectiveness of a new medication or form of therapy, in which people with a given problem or disorder are randomly assigned to one or more treatment groups or to a control group.