Psychology Unit 2 Exam

Front 1

Affective Component

Back 1

Refers to the emotional reactions or feeling an individual has towards an object, person, group, event or issue. B

Front 2

Behavioural Component

Back 2

Refers to the way in which an attitude is expressed through our actions (or how we might behave should the opportunity arise).

Front 3

Cognitive Component

Back 3

Refers to the beliefs we have about an object, person, group, event or issue.

Front 4

Aggression

Back 4

Any behaviour intended to cause physical or psychological harm to a person, animal or object.

Front 5

Altruism

Back 5

Pro-social behaviour focused on the wellbeing or benefit of others without any thought to personal gain or reward.

Front 6

Anti-social behaviour

Back 6

Any behaviour that is disruptive or harmful to the wellbeing or property of another person, or to the functioning of a group or society.

Front 7

Attitude

Back 7

An evaluation a person makes about an object, person, group, event or issue.

Front 8

Audience Inhibition

Back 8

Not helping another person because of a fear of appearing foolish in the presence of others.

Front 9

Bystander Effect

Back 9

The tendency for individuals to be less likely to help another person in need when other bystanders are present , or believed to be present, as compared to when they are alone, and, the greater the number of bystanders, the less likely any one of them is to help.

Front 10

Cognitive Intervention

Back 10

A strategy for changing the way in which someone thinks (e.g. prejudiced attitudes).

Front 11

Conformity

Back 11

The tendency to adjust one's thoughts, feelings or behaviour in ways that are in agreement with those of a particular individual or group, or with accepted standards about how one should behave in certain situations.

Front 12

Cost-Benefit Analysis

Back 12

In relation to helping, weighing up the personal and social costs of helping (e.g. effort) against the benefits of helping (e.g. gratitude)

Front 13

Deindividuation

Back 13

The loss of individuality, or the sense anonymity, that can occur in a group situation.

Front 14

Diffusion of Responsibility

Back 14

The belief that, in a situation where help is required and others are present, responsibility is spread across the whole group, leading each individual to feel less responsible for helping than when alone because they assume that someone else will take on the responsibility of helping.

Front 15

Discrimination

Back 15

Positive or negative behaviour that is directed towards a social group and its members.

Front 16

Empathy

Back 16

The ability to identify with and understand another person's feelings or difficulties.

Front 17

Informational Influence

Back 17

When conformity results from a need for direction and information on how to respond.

Front 18

In-Group

Back 18

Any group to which an individual belongs or with which an individual identifies.

Front 19

Intergroup Contact

Back 19

A strategy for reducing prejudice by increasing specific types of direct contact between two groups who are prejudiced against each other.

Front 20

Normative Influence

Back 20

When an individual's response in. Group situation is guided by one or more social norms, out of a desire to be liked or accepted by the group.