Psychology Test #4

Front 1

Social Psychology?

Back 1

is the scientific study of how our ABC are influenced by eachother.

Front 2

How our behavior is influenced by the individuals and groups around us?

Back 2

Persuasion, Conformity, Compliance, & Obedience.

Front 3

#1Persuasion

Back 3

Central route- focused on the logic
Peripheral route- has nothing to do with the argument and logic, but perhaps the persons attractiveness.

Front 4

#2Conformity

Back 4

Aschs classic experiment, three factors that influence whether people conform: Difficulty of judgment, Group size, Group unanimity

Front 5

Aschs Classic Experiment

Back 5

He conducted an experiment in which their were three actors (Confederates) and one actual person were asked questions which were clearly one certain answer but the actors said the wrong answer and there fore the actual person conformed because the first two or however many also said the wrong answer.

Front 6

Three things that increase conformity?

Back 6

#1Difficulty of the question
#2Group size (over 3)
#3Group anonymity- if one person breaks the norm then the actual will more likely break it also and give the right answer.

Front 7

Things that impact Conformity?

Back 7

Insecurity of the actual
Admiration of the group
No prior comitment to any response
Others in the group observe ones behavior
Cultural expectations

Front 8

Informational social influence? (conformity)

Back 8

When you look to the behaviors of others who are also in the same or similar situation to see how they behave

Front 9

Normative social influence?

Back 9

When you want to fit in with everybody.

Front 10

#3Compliance

Back 10

When somebody is making a direct request, but the person actually has no authority over you ex/peers

Front 11

5 things Science; Influence & Practice book (Cialdini)

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#1 Foot in the door
#2Door in the face
#3Norm of reciprocity
#4Social Proof
#5Scarcity

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#1 Foot in the door

Back 12

to get a person to agree to a large request by first setting them up by having that person agree to a small request. Cognitive dissonance: we like for our attitudes & behaviors to be consistent

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#2Door in the face

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You make a massive request & then ask for something smaller after giving up on the massive request. Ex/child asking for a horse at first then changes to asking for a dog.

Front 14

#3Norm or reciprocity

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When someone does something nice for us means we should do something nice for them. ex/ restaurant gives you a free item you feel the need to then buy something along with it.

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#4Social Proof

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If everyone is doing something then you should too.

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#5Scarcity

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We are more likely to do something if their is less there or less amount.ex/ Black Friday

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#5 Obedience

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Direct request by somebody who has authority. Milgram got the idea from Nazis, shock experiment 65% 26 out of 48 participants went through with his experiment even though it put others in pain. 4 factors: Prestige, Disobedient model, Closeness of the authority, Closeness of the learner. ex in the real world/ nurses knowing the right amount to give medication but if a doctor told them more they would do more.

Front 18

#1 factor of obedience: Prestige

Back 18

If it is conducted at Yale compared to a barely know community college. -prestigness of the place the experiment is conducted

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#2 factor of obedience: Disobedient model

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Have more than 1 teacher ex/ 3 if you see one of them give up you also give up.

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#3Closeness of the learner

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If the teacher(participant) isn't close to the learner(confederate) then it changes the obedience

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#4Closeness of the learner

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If you don't hear the learner then it changes the obedience.

Front 22

Social Perception

Back 22

the process by which we for impressions of other people

Front 23

What causes us to make judgments?

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Appearance ex/glasses = we assume their smart
Categories/Stereotyping = some are automatic of schema
Attributions = when we are drawing inference because/based of the persons character

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Attributions 2 types we can make

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#1 internal (dispositional)
#2 external (situational)

Front 25

Attribution Biases 5

Back 25

Fundamental attribution error,
Self-serving bias,
False consensus,
Egocentric bias

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#1Fundamental Attribution error

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When we explain another persons behavior we use internal attributions about the person. ex/when we get cut off.

Front 27

#2Self-serving Bias

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when we do something positive we attribute it to internal, when its negative its external attribution.

Front 28

#3False Consensus

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The idea that we think the majority of people in the world think like we do. ex/smokers

Front 29

#4Egocentric bias

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refers to the extent that we assume we put more effort into doing things than we actually do.

Front 30

#5Actor Observer effect

Back 30

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Front 31

Social behavior

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How are we influenced by people watching us or joining us in various activities?
#1 Competition
#2 Cooperative
#3 Alturistic

Front 32

Competition #1

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Goal is to come out on top, common to see in sports, GPAs in high schools, has positive outcomes sometimes. Social Facilitation

Front 33

Social Facilitation?

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States that we are going to engage in a stronger response when their is someone next to you.

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Cooperative #2

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where there is mutual benefit b/w people. -Prisoners Delima

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Altruistic #3

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Goal is to help the other person even at the cost of your own. ex/Compassionate love

Front 36

Group Influence

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#1 De-individualization
#2 Social Loafing
#3 Bystander effects

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De-individualization

Back 37

the loss of self awareness and self restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity. when group participants make people feel aroused an anonymous.

Front 38

Social Loafing

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Putting not as much effort into something because our in a group.

Front 39

Bystander effects

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Diffusion of responsibility, Ex/Kennady Genovese;everybody thought they were calling 911 because they thought other people were

Front 40

Group polarization

Back 40

one person presents an idea everybody just on you.

Front 41

Social behavior

Back 41

How are we influenced by people watching us or joining us in various activities?
#1 Competition
#2 Cooperative
#3 Alturistic

Front 42

Competition #1

Back 42

Goal is to come out on top, common to see in sports, GPAs in high schools, has positive outcomes sometimes. Social Facilitation

Front 43

Social Facilitation?

Back 43

States that we are going to engage in a stronger response when their is someone next to you.

Front 44

Cooperative #2

Back 44

where there is mutual benefit b/w people. -Prisoners Delima

Front 45

Altruistic #3

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Goal is to help the other person even at the cost of your own. ex/Compassionate love

Front 46

Group Influence

Back 46

#1 De-individualization
#2 Social Loafing
#3 Bystander effects

Front 47

De-individualization

Back 47

the loss of self awareness and self restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity. when group participants make people feel aroused an anonymous.

Front 48

Social Loafing

Back 48

Putting not as much effort into something because our in a group.

Front 49

Bystander effects

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Diffusion of responsibility, Ex/Kennady Genovese;everybody thought they were calling 911 because they thought other people were

Front 50

Group polarization

Back 50

one person presents an idea everybody just on you.

Front 51

Prejudice, Discrimination, & Stereotyping

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Prejudice(unjustifiable and usually negative attitude toward a group) Discrimination is the "behavior" part of prejudice, Stereotyping is the "cognitive" part of prejudice

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Roots of Prejudice

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-In-group/Out-group
-Just world hypothesis
-Scapegoat theory

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In-group vs. Out-group

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the us vs. them mentality, division of two groups makes it a breeding ground for discrimination Ex/ Brown eye vs. Blue eye experiment

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Just world Hypothesis

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Believe the world is Just, meaning people get what they deserve and deserve what they get.

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Scapegoat Theory

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when something negative happens you blame it on somebody else.

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Subordinate Goals (decrease prejudice)

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effect discrimination because you both are working towards one common goal.

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Mirror image perception (decrease prejudice)

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behaviour in which one person copies another person usually while in social interaction with them

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Contact(decrease prejudice)

Back 58

when their is contact with whatever " " that helps discrimination