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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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_______ ______ are essential for good health.
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Good habits
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Our _______ determines whether we develop a serious illness and when we will die.
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behavior
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What are the 6 leading causes of death in the U.S.?
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1. Coronary heart disease
2. Cancer 3. Suicide 4. Accidental injuries 5. Cirrhosis of liver 6. Lung problems |
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What is the definition of stress?
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response of individuals to the circumstances and events (stressors) that threaten them and tax their coping abilities
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What is the biological factor of stress?
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Immune system is affected when you're stressed
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What are the personality factors of a Type A personality?
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competitive, hard-driven (focused, goal-oriented), impatient, and hostile (inflexible)
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What are the personality factors of a Type B personality?
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relaxed, easy going, no emotional expressiveness
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What are the personality factors of a Type C personality?
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want to keep the peace, internalize emotion, lonely
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What are the cognitive factors of stress?
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Stress is more than just environmental events.
People may perceive the same event differently. |
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What are the environmental factors of stress?
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1. Burnout
2. Approach/Approach Conflict (choosing between 2 attractive stimuli) 3. Avoidance/Avoidance Conflict (choosing between 2 unattractive stimuli) 4. Approach/Avoidance Conflict (a single stimulus with both positive and negative characteristics) 5. Frustration (any situation in which a person cannot meet a desired goal) |
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What is the definition of coping?
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process of managing taxing circumstances, expending effort to solve problems, and seeking to reduce the conflict or stress
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What is problem-focused coping?
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squarely facing the problem and trying to solve it
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What is emotion-focused coping?
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responding to stress emotionally
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What is cognitive restructuring?
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modifying thoughts and beliefs that maintain the problem
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What is self-talk coping?
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silent mental speech used to solve problems and think positively
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What is develop self-efficacy?
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belief that one can master a situation and product a positive outcome
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What is social support?
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getting feedback that you're loved and cared for
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What is assertive behavior?
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express feeling, ask for what you want, say no to something you don't want, act in your own best interest, stand up for your legitimate rights
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What is stress management?
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assessing a stressful situation, developing skills for coping, and putting it into everyday life; knowing yourself and what gets you stressed
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What is content?
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What is said
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What is relationship?
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what is implied (the most conflict or confusing comes during this)
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What are the components of communication?
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1. message - information sent from sender to receiver (verbal & nonverbal)
2. encoding - produces messages as the sender 3. decoding - understanding the messages 4. noise - environmental, physiological, or psychological distractions that keep us from encoding and decoding messages 5. transaction - ongoing process of communication between sending and receiver |
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What is denotation?
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objective meaning of word or phrase (dictionary definition)
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What is connotation?
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subjective meaning of word or phrase (emotional or personal)
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_______ is one of the most important communication methods and the one that takes the most effort.
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Listening
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What are 4 steps to becoming a good listener?
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1. Do not dominate a conversation
2. Pay careful attention to the person talking - eye contact, facing the speaker, listening for feelings and nonverbals 3. Use reflective skills - reflective listening (taking some of feelings and show understanding by something you say) - paraphrasing 4. Giving feedback competently |
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What is self-disclosure?
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how much you tell about yourself; any kind of intimate details
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What is the Johari Window?
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model of self-disclosure; helps understand the proportion on how much one reveals
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What is open self?
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known to you and to others
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What is blind self?
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known to others but not to you
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What is hidden self?
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known to you but not shared to others
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What is unknown self?
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known to you but not shared to others
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______ _______ _______ sometimes come when an individual does not disclose
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mental health problems
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What are the 3 barriers to verbal communication?
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1. Judging
2. Proposing solutions (advice-giving that applied to lack of intelligence) 3. Avoiding the others' concerns (diversion, arguing, someone who really wants to debate) |
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What is nonverbal communication?
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Messages that are transmitted by means other than linguistic
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What are the 5 characteristics of nonverbal communication?
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1. Can occur in groups
2. Always communicates 3. Influenced by sociocultural contexts 4. Often spontaneous and ambiguous 5. Can be discrepant from verbal behavior - nonverbal leakage (communication of true emotions non-verbally even though you're trying to hid them verbally) - "self-betrayal oozes from all our pores." Freud |
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What are DePaulo's 6 hints of lying?
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1. Blink more and have more dilated pupils
2. Show more self-manipulating gestures (touching face, etc.) 3. Give shorter responses 4. Speak in more distancing way 5. Speak in higher pitch 6. Take more time to plan what they are about to say |
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What is gender?
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sociocultural dimension of being male or female
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What is gender identity?
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sense of being male or female
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What is gender role?
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set of expectations that prescribe how a male or female should think, act, or feel
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What are social influences in gender?
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learned roles through imitation and observation
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What are cognitive influences in gender?
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1. gender schema (organizing your world around being male or female)
2. gender schema theory (people have an internal motivation to confirm to gender stereotypes |
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What is androgyny?
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the presence of desirable male or female characteristics in the same person
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What is the excitement phase of the human sexual response cycle?
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increased blood flow to the genital area, muscle tension, and lubrication
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What is the plateau phase of the human sexual response cycle?
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continuation and heightening of arousal, increased breathing and pulse rate and blood pressure, and penile erection is more complete
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What is the orgasm phase of the human sexual response cycle?
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both sexes experience orgasm, lasts 3-15 seconds, discharge of tension is explosive intense and pleasurable
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What is the resolution phase of the human sexual response cycle?
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arousal diminishes, engorged blood vessels return to normal state, males go into a refractory period (unable to have another orgasm for a while), females have no refractory period
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