Psychology Test #1 (Ch 4)

Front 1

brain

Back 1

source of mind and self

Front 2

central nervous system components

Back 2

brain, spinal chord, nerves

Front 3

withdrawal reflex

Back 3

brain not necessary for these types of things

Front 4

nervous system

Back 4

central nervous system, brain + spinal chord, nerves

Front 5

central nervous system (CNS)

Back 5

processes, interprets, stores info; issues order to muscles, glands, and organs

Front 6

brain + spinal chord

Back 6

bridge between brain and peripheral nerves

Front 7

Peripheral Nervous Systems

Back 7

transmits info to and from the CNS; somatic NS + autonomic NS

Front 8

Somatic NS

Back 8

controls skeletal muscles

Front 9

autonomic NS

Back 9

regulates glands, blood vessels & internal ograns; SYMPATHETIC NS + PARASYMPATHETIC NS

Front 10

sympathetic NS

Back 10

mobilizes body for action, energy output

Front 11

parasympathetic NS

Back 11

conserves energy; maintains quiet state

Front 12

neurons

Back 12

work as a domino effect when sending & receiving info

Front 13

neurotransmitter

Back 13

chemical released by a transmitting neuron at the synapse and capable of affecting the activity of a receiving neuron

Front 14

serotonin

Back 14

involved in sleep; helps regulate appetite (both sleep & appetite cycles that must be repeated); involved w/ senses; involved w/ pain suppression; involved in mood

Front 15

dopamine

Back 15

involved in: voluntary movement (somatic NS), learning & memory, emotion/mood

Front 16

acetylcholine (Ach)

Back 16

involved in: thinking; memory; emotion

Front 17

norepinephrine

Back 17

increases heart rate; decreases digestive rate (all parasympathetic NS); learning; dreaming (helps wake us up); emotion

Front 18

gamma amino butryic acid (GABA)

Back 18

abnormal levels cause eating disorders, sleeping disorders and epilepsies

Front 19

glutamate

Back 19

focuses in brain

Front 20

endorphins

Back 20

pleasure; memory; increase when ppl are stressed; work to prolong the effects of other neurotransmitters

Front 21

endocrine system

Back 21

system of glands that produce hormones into bloodstream

Front 22

hormones

Back 22

regulate growth, metabolism; sexual development and behavior and other functions

Front 23

melatonin

Back 23

hormone; induces sleep

Front 24

electroencephalogram

Back 24

recording of neural activity detected by electrodes

Front 25

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Back 25

one way of knowing what going on in the brain and body tissue

Front 26

positron emission tomography

Back 26

method for analyzing biochemical activity in brain, using injections of a glucose like substance containing radioactive

Front 27

medulla

Back 27

responsible for certain automatic functions (breathing; heart rate)

Front 28

pons

Back 28

involved in sleeping, waking, and dreaming; norepinephrine

Front 29

reticular activating system

Back 29

arouses cortex and screens incoming info

Front 30

cerbellum

Back 30

regulates movement and balance; involved in remembering simple skills and acquired reflexes; plays a part in analyzing sensory info, solving probs & understanding words

Front 31

thalamus

Back 31

relays sensory messages to the cerebral cortex; includes all sensory messages except those from olfactory bulb

Front 32

hypothalamus

Back 32

involved in emotions; vital to survival (fear; hunger; thirst & reproduction); regulates autonomic NS

Front 33

pituitary gland

Back 33

small endocrine gland which releases hormones and regulates other endocrine glands

Front 34

amygdala

Back 34

arousal, regulation of emotion, initial response to sensory info; plays role in mediating anxiety and depression & emotional memory (limbic system)

Front 35

hippocampus

Back 35

(limbic system) responsible for: storage of new info in memory; comparing sensory info w/ what the brain expects about the world; enabling us to form spatial memories for navigating the environment

Front 36

cerebrum

Back 36

 largest brain structure
 two cerebral hemispheres connected by the corpus callosum
 in charge of most sensory, motor and cognitive processes
 surrounded by cerebral cortex, a collection of several thin layers of cell (gray matter)

Front 37

corpus callosum

Back 37

millions of myelinated axons connecting the brain's hemispheres; provides pathway for communication

Front 38

parietal lobe

Back 38

Our body's sensation, where we feel things; Where we pressure, heat

Front 39

occipital lobe

Back 39

vision

Front 40

temporal lobe

Back 40

Where we hear things and where our brain decodes things

Front 41

frontal lobes

Back 41

Moderates other parts of brain and has to do with motor functions