Psychology Test 1

Front 1

what is the specific purpose of education?

Back 1

teach students academic skills
develop social skills
vocational interests & skills

Front 2

what is the broad purpose of education?

Back 2

develop youth into productive citizens
foster gifted people to develop innovative ideas (google, TiVo, etc.)

Front 3

the result of educating, as determined by the knowledge, skill, and/or discipline of character

Back 3

education

Front 4

the science of mind and behavior

Back 4

psychology

Front 5

applying the science of human mind & behavior to understand the conditions under which knowledge, skill, and/or discipline of character is acquired

Back 5

educational psychology

Front 6

the scientific study of learners, learning, teaching, & the contexts in all of these occur

Back 6

educational psychology

Front 7

examples of Ed Psych research

Back 7

early literacy, parent involvement, classroom management, special ed, memory, grade retention

Front 8

the study of teaching and learning with the applications to the instructional process

Back 8

pedagogy

Front 9

doing things for a purpose

Back 9

intentionality

Front 10

the degree to which teachers feel that their own efforts determine the success of their students

Back 10

teacher efficacy

Front 11

evaulation of conclusions thru logical and systematic examination of the problem, the evidence, and the solution

Back 11

critical thinking

Front 12

the study of teaching and learning with the applications to the instructional process

Back 12

pedagogy

Front 13

this involves the application of rigorous, systematic, and objective procedures to obtain reliable and valid knowledge relevant to educational activities and programs

Back 13

scientifically-based knowledge

Front 14

scientifically based knowledge is:

Back 14

objective
rules out alternative explanations
involves direct measurement
reliable and valid

Front 15

name the progressional of scientific knowledge

Back 15

exploratory research
to
confirmatory research
to
generalization research

Front 16

correlation between taking aspirin and decreased heart disease
(what is this an example of?)

Back 16

exploratory research

Front 17

randomized clinical trial examining the relationship between taking aspirin and heart disease
(what is this an example of?)

Back 17

confirmatory research

Front 18

train real world physicians to prescribe aspirin as daily regimen and examine prevalence of heart disease
(what is this an example of?)

Back 18

generalization research

Front 19

theory-driven, hypothesis-testing science driven by a quest for fundamental understanding or knowledge development

Back 19

basic research

Front 20

motivated more by a desire to solve practical problems and to move the fruits of our scientific labor into the real world

Back 20

applied research

Front 21

EX:
examine the processes by which children retain facts or bits of information

Back 21

basic research

Front 22

EX: teaching 3rd grade students struggling with math to retain basic calculation facts

Back 22

applied research

Front 23

what kind of research is subjective interpretation?

Back 23

qualitative research

Front 24

what kind of research is objective interpretation?

Back 24

quantitative research

Front 25

an idea or action that can be verified

Back 25

fact

Front 26

rules that allow for categorization of events, places, people, ideas, etc.

Back 26

concept

Front 27

relationships between/among facts and/or concepts

Back 27

principle

Front 28

educated guess about relationships

Back 28

hypothesis

Front 29

set of facts, concepts, and principles that allow description and explanation

Back 29

theory

Front 30

firmly established, thoroughly tested, principle or theory

Back 30

law

Front 31

anything that, when measured, can produce two or more different values

Back 31

variable

Front 32

indicates the amount of a variable that is present

Back 32

quantitative variable

Front 33

classifies an individual on the basis of some characteristic

Back 33

qualitative variable

Front 34

variable that is changed or manipulated

Back 34

independent variable

Front 35

variable that is measured under each condition of the IV

Back 35

dependent variable

Front 36

aimed at identifying and gathering detailed information about something of interest

Back 36

descriptive

Front 37

research into the relationships between variable as they naturally occur

Back 37

correlational studies

Front 38

procedures used to test the effect of a treatment on an outcome

Back 38

experiments

Front 39

study used when we have little knowledge of a phenomena and we want describe it accurately and truthfully

Back 39

descriptive study

Front 40

relationship in which increase in one variable corresponds to increase in another, and vice versa

Back 40

positive correlation

Front 41

relationship in which increases in one variable corresponds to decreases in another

Back 41

negative correlation

Front 42

variable for which there is no relationship

Back 42

uncorrelated variables

Front 43

these are conducted under realistic conditions in which individuals are randomly assigned to treatment group

Back 43

randomized field experiments

Front 44

the degree to which an experiment's results can be attributed to the treatment (IV) in question

Back 44

internal validity

Front 45

the degree to which a given effect can be generalized to the other persons, places, settings, and conditions

Back 45

external validity

Front 46

experimental design that uses person as his/her own control

Back 46

single case experiment

Front 47

name the 4 primary designs of single-case experiments

Back 47

reversal-withdrawal
multiple baseline
changing criterion
alternative treatments

Front 48

highly controlled and methodological rigorous studies that allow for unambiguous interpretation of the effect of the treatment

Back 48

efficacy research

Front 49

experimentally loose studies that are designed to mimic natural conditions so one can determine whether treatments work in real world settings

Back 49

effectiveness research

Front 50

involves selecting and delivering services that have been demonstrated scientifically to improve student outcomes

Back 50

evidence-based practice

Front 51

refers to how people grow, adapt, and change over the course of their lifetimes

Back 51

human development

Front 52

the concept that heredity and genetics determine development

Back 52

nature (nativism)

Front 53

the theory that experience determines development

Back 53

nurture (empiricism)

Front 54

notion that the brain is set to acquire a function during a limited period of time

Back 54

critical periods

Front 55

the theory that human development progresses linearly and gradually from infancy to adulthood

Back 55

continuous

Front 56

the theory that human development occurs through a fixed sequence of distinct, predictable stages governed by inborn factors

Back 56

discontinuous

Front 57

incorporation of new material from the environment into a schema

Back 57

assimilation

Front 58

changing the schema to better fit the environment

Back 58

accommodation

Front 59

list the stage theory (discontinuous theory)

Back 59

sensorimotor
preoperational
concrete operational
formal operational

Front 60

name the stage level:
exploration of the world thru senses and motor skills; gradual progression from relexive behavior to symbolic

Back 60

sensorimotor (birth-2yrs)

Front 61

name the stage level:
child learns to understand world by representing it with symbols and operating on the representations

Back 61

preoperational (2-7)

Front 62

the way children don't understand how the world looks different to someone in a different place

Back 62

egocentrism

Front 63

name the stage level:
child begins to be able to take on the perspective of others to develop empathy/compassion for others and see similarity between two seemingly diferent things

Back 63

concrete operational (7-11)

Front 64

name the stage level:
individual is able to theorize and think analytically

Back 64

formal operational (11-adulthood)

Front 65

guy who published paper at 8, articles in HS, developed theory of cognitive development

Back 65

jean piaget

Front 66

russian psychologist

Back 66

lev vygotsky

Front 67

the ability to think and solve problems without the help of others

Back 67

self regulation

Front 68

3 steps to self regulation:

Back 68

private speech
learning that actions and sounds have a meaning
using signs to think and solve problems

Front 69

the distance between actual developmental level that is reflected in the childs independent problem solving and the problems solving level that is accomplished with guidance

Back 69

zone of proximal development

Front 70

psychologist trained in Freud's institute, developed theory of psychosocial development

Back 70

erik erikson

Front 71

the set of critical issues that individuals must address as they pass through each of eight life stages

Back 71

psychosocial crisis