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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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THE GOLDEN RULE |
Minimum of 2 conditions (groups) to take part in a study. A control and experimental. Therefore allowing comparisons to be made and differences to be found. |
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VARIABLES |
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE: The variable which is manipulated by the researcher DEPENDENT VARIABLE: The variable which is measured by the researcher |
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CAUSE AND EFFECT |
How the IV has caused the effect on the DV |
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EXPERIMENTS |
1) Lab experiments 2) Field experiments 3) Natural/Quasi Experiments |
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LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS |
1) Tightly controlled, artificial environment 2) Researcher directly manipulates IV 3) Researcher measures DV 4) Attempt to minimise all extraneous variables 5) Standardised procedures so all participants have the same experience |
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EXTRANEOUS VARIABLES |
Extraneous variables are variables other than the IV that could be causing the effect on the DV |
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BOBO DOLL EXPERIMENT |
This experiment tests Bandura's SLT. He made some children watch various models act in different ways towards a doll. Some of the adults they saw acted passively, others aggressively and some children didn't see any adults. The children then went in the room with the doll and their behaviour was monitored. The outcome saw the children acted the same way towards the doll than the adult they had watched. |
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SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY |
SLT is Bandura's theory of that we learn through observation and imitation. |
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MODELS |
There are 2 types of models. LIVE MODELS: A model who is in front of us. SYMBOLIC MODELS: A model who is seen in the media, film, magazines, etc.
Bandura said they were both equally influential. |
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OBSERVATION AND IMITATION |
Bandura found we are more likely to imitate someone who we are similar to. E.G. someone of the same sex. This is because we feel there is a chance we will receive the same outcome.
However, we don't automatically imitate someone. This is because internal mental processes allows us to think of the consequences before acting. If the outcome is desirable, then we will imitate. |
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LAB EXPERIMENT: THE BOBO DOLL |
The Bobo Doll experiment is a lab experiment because...
a) It takes place in Stanford University Psychology Labs. b) The IV was if the child watched an angry, passive or no adult play with the doll. c) The DV was the level of aggression the child displayed towards the doll. d) There was arguments the extraneous variables were to do with demand characteristics. Also, boys are naturally more aggressive because they have higher testosterone levels. e) The study was standardised as all the children used the same doll and toys. |
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STRENGTHS OF THE BOBO DOLL EXPERIMENT |
Reliability: How consistent the results were.
Internal Validity: Refers to the casual relationship between the IV and DV due to the effects in the study being caused by the manipulation of the IV.
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STRENGTHS OF THE BOBO DOLL EXPERIMENT |
Reliability: How consistent the results were.
Internal Validity: Refers to the casual relationship between the IV and DV due to the effects in the study being caused by the manipulation of the IV.
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WEAKNESSES OF THE BOBO DOLL EXPERIMENT |
Demand Characteristics: Demand characteristics could potentially be due to the participant altering their behaviour to meet the researcher's expectations. Ecological Validity: The degree which the behaviour observed in the experiment reflect the behaviour in a natural environment. |
