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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sensation
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What occurs when a stimulus activates a receptor
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Perception
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The organization of sensory information into meaningful experiences
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Psychophysics
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The study of the relationships between sensory information
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Psychophysics
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The study of the relationships between sensory experiences and the physical stimuli that cause them
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Absolute Threshold
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The weakest amount of a stimulus that a person can detect half the time
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Difference Threshold
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The smallest change in a physical stimulus that can be detected between two stimuli
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Weber's Law
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The principle that for any change in a stimulus to be detected, a constant proportion of that stimulus must be added or subtracted
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Signal-detection Theory
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The study of people's tendencies to make correct judgements in detecting the presence of stimuli
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Pupil
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The opening in the iris that regulates the amount of light entering the eye
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Lens
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A flexible, elastic, transparent structure in the eye that changes its shape to focus light on the retina
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Retina
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The innermost coating of the back of the eye, containing the light-sensitive receptor cells
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Optic Center
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The nerve that carries impulses from the retina to the brain
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Sensory Adaptation
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Senses get used to something and no longer notice it
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Binocular Fusion
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The process of combining the images received from the two eyes into a single, fused image
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Retinal Disparity
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The differences between the images stimulating each eye
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Auditory Nerve
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The nerve that carries impulses from the inner ear to the brain, resulting in the perception of sound
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Vestibular System
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Three semicircular canals that provide the sense of balance, located in the inner ear and connected to the brain by a nerve
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Olfactory Nerve
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The nerve that carries small impulses from the nose to the brain
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Kinesthesis
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The sense of movement and body position
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Subliminal Perception
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Below absolute threshold
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Subliminal Messages
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Brief auditory or visual messages that are presented below the absolute threshold
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Motion Parallax
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The apparent movement of stationary objects relative to one another that occurs when the observer changes positions
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Extrasensory Perception (ESP)
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An ability to gain information by some means other than ordinary senses
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Clairvoyant, Telepathic, Psychokinesis, Precognition
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The 4 types of ESP
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Illusions
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Perceptions that misrepresent physical stimuli
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Constancy
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The tendency to perceive certain objects in the same way regardless of changing angle, distance, or lighting
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Gestalt
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The experience that comes from organizing bits and pieces of information into meaningful wholes
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Perceptual Inference
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Filling in gaps in what our senses tell us
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Rods
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Specialized receptor cells responsible for night vision
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Cones
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Specialized receptor cells responsible for day vision (light)
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