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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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classical conditioning
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associations between stimuli closely presented in time
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operant conditioning
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associations between behaviors and consequences
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stimulus
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produces a response
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response
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a reaction to a stimulus
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reflex
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an involuntary response to a stimulus
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unconditioned stimulus
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stimulus that results in a reflex without experience
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unconditioned response
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reflex occurs without experience
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conditioned stimulus
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a once neutral stimulus that results in a reflexive response only AFTER experience
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conditioned response
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reflexive response AFTER experience
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neutral stimulus always the same as..
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conditioned stimulus
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conditioned response always the same as..
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unconditioned response
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generalization
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a learned response to a specific stimulus is also elicited by a similar stimuli
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discrimination
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a learned response to a specific stimulus is only elicited by that specific stimulus
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habituation
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simplest form of learning, decreased responsiveness as a result of repeated exposure
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sensitization
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increased responsiveness following presentation of a single strong stimulus
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reinforcement
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increases the likelihood that a response will occur
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positive reinforcement
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adding a stimulus
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negative reinforcement
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subtracting a stimulus
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shaping
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as behavior gets progressively closer to the target, reinforcement is available
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types of stress
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frustration, change, pressure, conflict
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stress responses
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emotional, physiological, behavioral-- not all 3 are necessary for stress to occur, but if all 3 are present you have stress!
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emotional responses
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anger, sadness, fear, grief, excitement
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sympathetic arousal
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related to short term stress exposure
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HPA axis
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leads to secretion of cortisol, prolonged stress exposure elevates cortisol, results in supressed immune system
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reactive behavioral response
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indulgence, aggression
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proactive behavioral response
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constructive-- planning, exercise, relaxation, reinforcement schedules
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negative consequences of stress
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obesity, heart disease, drug/alcohol abuse, voodoo death
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positive consequences of stress
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motivation
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voodoo death
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when a healthy person dies bc he or she believes it will happen
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conditioned immunosuppression
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function of immune system- ader's experiment- rat's, t cells
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psychosomatic conditions
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when thoughts & emotions adversely effect the body
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placebo effect
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improvements not attributable to treatment (positive expectations)
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nocebo effect
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detrimental effects not attributable to treatment (negative expectations)
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