Psychology Of Learning - Exam 1, Chapter 1

Front 1

What are the jobs of science?

Back 1

1. find order in nature 2. finding similarities between apparently unlike things

Front 2

Continuity of Species

Back 2

animals learn basic skills in similar ways, popularized by Charles Darwin and William Harvey

Front 3

William Harvey

Back 3

discovered that pig hearts work in the same way as human hearts and said animals and humans can be studied in the same ways

Front 4

What is the problem with labels in behavioral science?

Back 4

labels don't describe specific skills, patterns of behavior

Front 5

What are the 4 core assumptions of behavior analysis?

Back 5

1. behavior is part of a lawful, deterministic system 2. behavior is the subject of psychology 3. the goals of behavioral analysis are the prediction and control of behavior 4. the causes of behavior are inthe environment

Front 6

lab research

Back 6

allows for the isolation of problems and distractions

Front 7

real-world research

Back 7

allows for the inclusion of possible distractions that might occur during use, the O-rings on the Challenger shuttle failed because they were not tested under real-world circumtances

Front 8

2 terms of the reflex (S-R)

Back 8

stimulus, response

Front 9

3 terms of the operant (ABC)

Back 9

antecedent, behavior, consequence

Front 10

learning

Back 10

adding new behavior to the repertoire of the organism that producesa relatively permanent change in behavior

Front 11

prediction

Back 11

specifying the occurrence of some event based on one's past experience

Front 12

control

Back 12

arranging the conditions responsible for producing some event

Front 13

materialism

Back 13

behavior and its cause are real-life physical events that vcan be observed, measured, and manipulated

Front 14

determinism

Back 14

behavior is determined by some combo of genetic and environmental factors

Front 15

principle of parsimony

Back 15

when confronted with 2 or more competing explanations for the same phenomenon, parsimony dictates that the simpler account will be chosen

Front 16

responses

Back 16

properties of behavior

Front 17

stimuli

Back 17

properties of the environment

Front 18

covert behavior

Back 18

behavior that occurs beneath the skin

Front 19

overt behavior

Back 19

behavior that occurs outside the skin