Psychology Of Grief

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Grief

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Grief has no closure, is a deep intense feeling of sorrow caused by the loss of love. Comes from the word Gravis which means heavy. Widow comes from the sanskrit meaning a feeling of emptiness. Not always expressed.

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Bereavement

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Comes from the old english meaning to deprive, to rob. gender and cultural differences in expression. Generally subsides with time. Expression of internal feelings of grief.

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Mourning

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from the old english meaning to remember, to think of. Usually expressed with social, cultural, and religious traditions. Usually a time limit as well. Society's opportunity to express sympathy.

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Causes of Grief

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Love (greater the love greater the pain), Dependency (requirement of need), Expectation (future unrealized).

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Two Basic Components for Grief from Loss

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Value and deprivation

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Healthy expressions of grief

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Exercise, Explosive(verbal expression), Emotive (crying).

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Unhealthy Expressions of Grief

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Behavior(acting out), Psychosomatic Distress(illness), Cognitive delusion or unrealistic thinking.

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Pathos

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from the greek meaning feeling.

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Bathos

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false pathos

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Sympathy

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Compassion without experience

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Empathy

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Compassion with experience.

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Apathy

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indifference

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Telepathy

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preternatural transference of thoughts/emotions

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Symbols of Grief and meaning

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Rainbow (Rain(tears) and Sunshine (memories).

Butterfly (death is a metamorphosis and we are all living caterpillars waiting to be butterflies).

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Anticipatory Grief

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A future grief experienced in installments in the present

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Ambivalent Grief

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grief with mixed feelings, often contradictory.

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Latent Grief

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Dormant grief

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Shadow Grief

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A grief that follows you everywhere, no closure. Episodic, with intense recurrences of pain long after death.

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Anomic Grief

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First Grief

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Disenfranchised Grief

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grief unacknowledged by society or one's peers.

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Unresolved Grief

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Grief whose intensity does not change over time.

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Candidacy for Unresolved Grief

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Relational Factors (dependency, ambivalence)

Circumstantial Factors (Type of Death)

Historical Factors (unresolved, past depression)

Personality Factors (poor coping skills, ignorance of grieving process)

Social Factors (negative type of death, no social network)

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Clues for Unresolved Grief

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Nonfunctional or uncharacteristic behavior

Cognitive dissonance

Severe Psychosomatic distress

Severe identification/substitution/restitution

Drug therapy

Masochistic Guilt Manifestations

Phobic Lifestyle

Severe destructive or depressive modes of behavior

Unable to speak of the deceased without emotional devastation

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Catharsis

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Release, purgation

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Cognitive Dissonance

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Cognitive denial of something. Here it is used as a inability to comprehend death.

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Idealization

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giving something, here the deceased, a flawless quality. Given an ideal status as the best that ever was.

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Principle of Heightened Accessibility

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Grievers receive sympathy from four to six weeks and then are expected to have resolved their issues.

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Study by Erich Lindemann

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Symptomatology and the Management of Acute Grief

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Three tasks of grieving by Erich Lindemann

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Emancipation (Freedom from bondage to the deceased) Let it go!

Readjustment to the environment where the deceased lived.

Re-intergration of new people and new activities in one's life.

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Hollistic Impacts of Grief

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Physical-effects immune system, previous organic problems, sleep deficiency

Mental-causes confusion, inability to focus on role issues, obsession with deceased.

Emotional-causes intense emotions which need a long time to heal. Must expose, express, exhaust.

Social-disengagement from social life.

Spiritual-questioning god, anger toward god.

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How does sorrow weaken the body

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decreases lymphocyte activity.

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STUG

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Sudden Temporary Upsurges of Grief

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Convergent thinking and sleep deficiency

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Routine thinking, manual thinking, impacted after two days of no sleep

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Divergent Thinking and Sleep

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Creative or spontaneous thinking. Impacted after one day no sleep

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Levels of losses name 5

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Loss of loved one

Loss of Security

Loss of huge chunk of self

Loss of identity

Loss of Future

Loss of trust

loss of known family structure

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Grief Syndrome

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A DSM acknowledged disorder, grief unresolved to the point of legal disability.

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PASD

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Post Abortive Stress Disorder

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Chronic Sorrow

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never ending sorrow with no predictable end or true resolution. Such as a parent for a disabled child, or family members of someone with chronic illness such as alzheimer's or MS.

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Examples of Disenfranchised Grief

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Miscarriage, abortion, death of a friend or extramarital lover. Loss of a pet. Alzheimer's patient.

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Benefits of Anticipatory Grief

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Reconciliation possible

Unfinished business can be finished

The dying can help the griever prepare for life without them

Prepare for new roles.

Easier to absorb

Die with family

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Grief of persons with developmental disablities

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Overprotected and excluded

Do best with concrete learning

Limited Communication

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Creative ways to respond to a developmentally delayed person's grief

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Offer a memorial at a group home

Use photo/video to remind and console

Tell them the truth about death

Religion

Advocate for their involvement in grief rituals.