Psychology Of Gender

Front 1

Sex

Back 1

either of the two categories (male or female) into which most organisms are divided

Front 2

Gender Role

Back 2

accepted behaviors, thoughts, and emotions of a specific gender based upon the views of a particular society or culture

Front 3

Alpha Bias

Back 3

this occurs when the differences between men and women are exaggerated

Front 4

Beta Bias

Back 4

his occurs when the differences between men and women are minimised

Front 5

Gender Constancy

Back 5

A child's realization that gender is fixed and does not change over time.

Front 6

Turner Syndrome

Back 6

A genetic disorder affecting only females where there is only one X chromosome or one of the two X chromosomes is damaged

Front 7

Klinefelter Syndrome

Back 7

An abnormal condition of male sex characteristics due to the presence of an extra X chromosome

Front 8

Transsexual

Back 8

a person who feels his/her gender or identity doesn't match their biological sex

Front 9

Transgender

Back 9

A person whose gender identity does not match the anatomical sex with which they were born.

Front 10

Androgeny

Back 10

A view of maturity that requires humans to integrate the male (rational, efficient, scientific) and female (affective, compassionate, artistic) elements of their nature in order to achieve balance. [Carl Jung]

Front 11

Stereotype Threat

Back 11

the fear that one's behaviour will confirm an existing stereotype of a group with which one identifies. This fear can sometimes affect performance.

Front 12

Consentual Ideologies

Back 12

endorse legitimizing myths that maintain the status hierarchy or engage in self-defeating behaviors based on acceptance of legitimizing myths about one's subordinate group

Front 13

Benevolent Sexism

Back 13

the beliefs that women are more nurturing, the men should always pay for a date, and that women should be rescued first from a sinking ship are all indicative of benevolent sexism

Front 14

Hostile Sexism

Back 14

negative emotion directed specifically towards women, such as anger, resentment

Front 15

Organizational Efffects of Hormones

Back 15

During the first few months of fetal development all fetuses look the same regardless of chromosomes (XX and XY). The chromosomes will cause the gonads to develop into testes or ovaries. Hormones, or a lack of hormones, from the gonads will cause a penis or vagina to develop. These permanent changes produced by hormones are called organizational effects (vs. activational effects, see below). These effects occur during fetal months 3 and 4. Prior to this stage the fetus can develop into a male or female regardless of ovaries or testes depending on the presence of testosterone.

Front 16

Activational Effects of Hormones

Back 16

Hormones can also have activational effects. Activational effects are non-permanent effects caused by the presence of a hormone.

Front 17

Third Gender

Back 17

A person who is born with reproductive organs, genitalia and/or sex chromosomes that are not exclusively male or female.

Front 18

CAH

Back 18

"girls with boy features"
bodily appearance: ambiguous genitalia, too many androgens
failure to start puberty

Front 19

CAIS

Back 19

individuals have normal female external genetalia with a blind ending vagina no falp. tube.
[internal teste] appear to be normal females

Front 20

AIS

Back 20

"boys with girl features"
androgen sensitivity
underviralization in males

Front 21

Wolffian System

Back 21

connects gonads to outside-develops into vas deferens

In Males- Develop
In Females- Degenerate

Front 22

Mullerian System-

Back 22

connects gonads to outside-
develops into oviduct

In Males- Degenerate
In Females- Develop

Front 23

Primary Sexual Characteristics

MALE

Back 23

Male: gain weight, height, body grows and develops, his penis grows, his voice deepens, facial and underarm hair appear, and secretions from his oil- and sweat-producing glands increase. Penile erections increase in frequency, and first ejaculation

Front 24

Secondary Sexual Characteristics

MALE

Back 24

Male: gain weight, height, body grows and develops, his penis grows, his voice deepens, facial and underarm hair appear, and secretions from his oil- and sweat-producing glands increase. Penile erections increase in frequency, and first ejaculation

Front 25

Secondary Characteristics

FEMALE

Back 25

A girl's breasts grow, her pubic hair develops, and her body grows and takes on the rounded contours of an adult woman. This is followed by the first menstrual period

Front 26

Primary Sex Characteristics

Back 26

First beginnings of sex glands are still sexually undifferentiated. Estb. through Wolffian and Mullerian ducts.

Front 27

Testosterone in Men

Back 27

Occur 95 % in testee

Front 28

Pre Menstrual Dys. Disorder

SHOULD

Back 28

Latter phase of cycle-
mood disorder, extreme pms

1)Physically disableing actions
2)Could be genetic

Front 29

Pre Menstrual Dys. Disorder

SHOULD NOT

Back 29

1) Easily Medicated
2)Cause not established

Front 30

Freud-Gender in Phallic Stage

Back 30

men and women notice differences in sex organs

Masculine=Norm
Fem=Variant, women inferior

Front 31

Horney-

Back 31

Not penis envy; created reason to have women be inferior

Men = Womb Envy

Front 32

Chodrow-

Back 32

Men must reject feminity

Women retain

Front 33

Gender Influence on Children

Back 33

1 Parents
2 Media
3 Peers
4 Experience/Reinforce/Punish

Front 34

Dietary Craving: Evol. Psychology

Back 34

we evolved to crave the taste of fat and salt since those were more rare during the earlier days of human life. However, now that there is an abundance of foods with these elements, our cravings sabotage our health.

Front 35

Womans Strategy for mate selection vs male

Back 35

women = more monogamus
men= optimal sex partners

primates :the degree of polygyny highly correlates with the degree to which males of a species are larger than females. The more polygynous the species, the greater the size disparity between the sexes.

Front 36

What primes Gender Identity

Back 36

Parents, Modeling, reactions to children behaviors. what they wear

Front 37

Parents influence identity

Back 37

Reacting differently to behavior
What parents buy for room
What they buy (clothing)
Chores, Talk to Girls

Front 38

GID in DSM

Back 38

NO-

1)Alot of times concurrent with physical intersex condition

2)no evidence of clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning


3) This cross-gender identification must not merely be a desire for any perceived cultural advantages of being the other sex.

Front 39

3 characteristics of children that moderate parent influence

Back 39

Cognitive Advancement
Physical Activity
Attitudes toward parents

Front 40

Cult of True Womanhood; Ind Rev.

Back 40

Men- Resources
Women- Caretakers

Beg. of sex stereotypes

Better to be a man, Fashion media altered. Gender Roles switched up

Front 41

Gender Stereotypes in Media

Back 41

Women are invisible
Women are inaudible
Womens bodies used different

Front 42

4 Differences b/w men+women

Back 42

W- better at verbal tasks
M- better at visual spatial
W- math in familiar sitch.
W- better at facial exp.