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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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conscious Motivation
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aware of why you do something
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unconscious motivation
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unaware of why we do some things we do
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instinct theory
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we are motivated by inate (born with it)
example: motivated to eat |
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Drive Reduction Theory
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-based on biological needs
-motivated to maintain a balance (homeostasis) |
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instinsic motivation
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-motivated from within
-out of the pleasure you get out of doing somthing |
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extrinsic motivation
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-motivated by external forces
-something other than enjoyment -gonna get something out of it |
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Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
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-believed we are motivated to fill different levels of needs
-lower level needs must be met before moving up -you won't be motivated to achieve higher levels until the lower levels are met |
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1) Physiological
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level one- the base
-food -sleep -quench thirst - must be met in order to move up |
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2) Safety and Security
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-need to feel safe and out of harms way
-need to feel secure -may be motivated to buy a gun or get an alarm |
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3) Belonging (social)
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- need for social relationships and to feel connected to people.
-need to feel love and be loved -motivated to have a child, or get married. -peer pressure can help you meet this belonging need. -may join a club/fraternity or sorority. |
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4) Self Esteem
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-need to achieve
-need to be appreciated -need to feel good about yourself -need to be acknowledged for your achievement -example: Motivated to get an education so that you feel good about yourself |
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5) Self-actualization
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-striving to be the best you can be and to reach your full potential
-Trying to reach goals -encouraging others to reach their full potential as well -maslow found that many people never reach this level because they just wanna do what they can do to get by |
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Developmental psychology
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-studies age related changes
-through the life-span -physical changes -cognitive changes |
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prenatal development
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last approximately 9 months
-when sperm and egg unite-one cell organism -3 stages :germinal, embryonic, fetal |
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1) germinal
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-egg and sperm unite
-zygote -placental=the biological link between zygote needs -allows for disposal of waste |
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2) Embryonic Stage
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-zygote is now an embryo
-end of 2nd week to end of 2nd month -embryo is most vulnerable -Organ's starting to develop/limbs and fingers -can't feel baby moving and can't tell woman is pregnant |
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3) Fetal stage
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-unborn baby is a fetus
-end of second month to birth -still very vulnerable -organs continue to grow/develop -4 months=can feel baby move -8&9 months=fetus can recognize sound. |
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Teratogens
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-harmful substances that can harm baby
-toxins that the mother is exposed to -is women smokes, slows down the oxygen and can harm baby |
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fetal alchol syndrome
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-50% of women who are alcholics; their baby will have FAS
-delayed motor development -increases risk of mental retardation -increases risk of still born babies |
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motor development
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-ability to move around
-occurs in sequential order -muscles and bones have to mature b/4 they can hold themselves up. |
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maturation
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genetical programmed abilities
-have the most influence -must be biologically programmed -early skills |
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Harry Halow
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-why babies are attached to their caregivers
-took baby monkeys and experimented with them. -had a wire monkey with bottle and monkey with softness -monkeys preferred mother with comfort -babies feel more attached when they have contact comfort. |
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Piaget
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spent 50 years on how children think
-believed that they way they thinks changes with age. |
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schemas
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ways we categorize our thinking
-example: category for boy and girl |
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assimilation
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putting new information in existing categories (schemas)
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accomodation
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change our schemas to fit new information
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1) Sensorimotor Period
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-birth~2 years
-as they get older you can see the changes in which they think -child is trying to coordinate their motor skills with their senses -object permanence -seperation anxiety |
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object permanence
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-lacks the ability in sensorimotor period
-even though you can't see something it still exist -mastered between 12 and 18 months |
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seperation anxiety
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-8 months; their prefer their primary care givers; an anxious feeling
-18 months ~ 2 years it starts getting better; realize they are coming back |
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2) preoperational period
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2-7 years
-imagination blossoms -don't think logically and dont have a good grasp of time -conservation -animism -egocentric -theory of mind -autism |
