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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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rewards for getting closer to performing some action |
shaping |
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(cognitive approach) focuses on thought processes that underlie learning |
Cognitive learning theory |
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learning without reinforcement or punishment |
Latent learning |
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gaining knowledge by watching others |
observational learning |
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observing and imitating |
Modeling |
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the persistence of learning |
memory |
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getting info into memory |
encoding |
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retaining info |
storage |
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getting info out of storage |
retrieval |
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3 stage model... |
1. sensory memory 2. short term/working memory 3. long term memory |
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immediate impression, 1 second |
sensory memory |
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7 units of info, 15-25 seconds |
short-term/working memory |
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enduring, limitless storehouse |
long-term memory |
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(sensory memory) continued perception of a visual stimulus even after it is no longer present |
Persistence of vision |
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a visual illusion in which two stimuli separated in time and location are perceived as a single stimulus moving between the two locations due to persistence of vision |
apparent motion |
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(long-term memory) recall for items depends on where they appear on a list |
serial position effect |
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we have a better memory for items at the beginning of a list |
primacy effect |
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we have better memory for items at the end of a list |
recency effect |
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(memory aids) conscious repetition |
rehearsal |
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spreading out learning over a longer time period |
spacing effect |
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mental pictures |
imagery |
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organizing info into familiar and meaningful groups leads to greater memory for the info |
chunking |
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organizing broad info into more specific subdivisions |
hierarchical organization |
