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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Motivation
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Driving force behind behavior that leads us to pursue some things and avoid others
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Emotion
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Feeling state that includes arousal, subjective experience and behavioral expression
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Psychodynamic Theories on Motivation
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OLD: Sex & aggression
Relatedness & self-esteem NEW:Wishes and Fears Wish = Desired state associated with arousal Fear = Representation of undesired state associated with unpleasant feelings |
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Psychodynamic Theories on Motivation
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Unconcious Motivation
Concious Motivation |
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Expectancy-value theory
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We are driven to attain goals that matter a lot to us but that we also believe we can accomplish.
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Goal-setting theory
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Conscious goals regulate human action
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Intrinsic motivation
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Motivation stemming from one’s own interest rather than external rewards
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Implicit motives
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Motives that can be activated and expressed outside of awareness
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Perspectives on Motivation: Behaviorist
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Human motivation
Repeat behaviors that lead to reinforcement Avoid behaviors that lead to punishment |
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Perspectives on Motivation: Behaviorist
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Drive reduction theory = Behavior more likely if it satisfies a need
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Perspectives on Motivation: Behaviorist
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Incentives= External motivating stimulus that may activate a drive
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Perspectives on Motivation: Cognitive
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Expectancy-value theory = We are driven to attain goals that matter a lot to us but that we also believe we can accomplish.
Goal-setting theory = Conscious goals regulate human action Especially on work tasks |
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Perspectives on Motivation: Cognitive
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Intrinsic motivation = Motivation stemming from one’s own interest rather than external rewards
Implicit motives = Motives that can be activated and expressed outside of awareness |
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Perspectives on Motivation: Evolutionary
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Instincts = Fixed patterns of behavior produced without learning
Maximize inclusive fitness = We are motivated to maximize reproductive success (of ourselves & relatives) Pheromones Multiple motivational systems (innate) Love & power |
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What Causes Hunger?
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Physiological - Dropping glucose, lipid levels
Hypothalamus receives this information External Cues Palatability Learning Social behavior |
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What turns off Hunger?
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Physiological -
Taste, smells Receptors in the stomach Leptin External Cues Social Behavior |
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Sexual Motivation
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Kinseys Work
Sexual behavior varies by culture Homosexuality |
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Sexual response Cycle
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Excitement
Plateau Orgasm Resolution |
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Specific Motives: Relatedness
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Attachment motivation = Desire for physical and psychological proximity to an attachment figure
Intimacy = Closeness including self-disclosure, warmth, mutual caring Affiliation = Interaction with friends & acquaintances |
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Specific Motives: Achievement
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Need for achievement = Motivation to do well and succeed
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Componants of AM
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Performance goals = Motives to achieve a concrete outcome
Mastery goals = Motives to increase one’s competence, mastery or skill |
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Parts of Brain to Do with Emotion
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Hypothalamus
Limbic System:Amygdala Cortex:Left Frontal:Approach Right frontal:Avoidance |
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6 Universal Emotional Expressions
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Happiness, Saddness, Anger, Fear, Disgust, and Surprise
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