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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is considered a psychological disorder?
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Persistently harmful thoughts, feelings, or actions.
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What are the 3 things that catorgized a psychological disorder?
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1.distress
2.dyfunction 3.devience |
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To understand any disorder you must understand the.. 3 thing
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-symptoms: of the disorder
-causes:of the symptoms -treatment:that are effective for those symptoms |
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What are the 4 basic points for modern therapy?
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1.Different disorders have different causes.
2.The same disorder can have different causes in different people 3.Different treatments must be used to overcome different causes of abnormal behavior 4.Physiology provides the final common pathway |
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Major depressive disorder define
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prolonged, very severe depression, lasts without remission for at least 2 weeks
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Symptoms of major depression disorder..5
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-saddness
-feeling of worthlessness -changes in sleep, eating -annedonia: no desire to experience pleasure -suicidal behavior |
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Causes of major depression disorder
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connection between stressful life events and onset of depression..
loss of spouse, companion or child, long termjob or income, health -negative beliefs in combo w/ stress can trigger depression -negative beliefs make the stress worse, which can then increase likelihood of depression |
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Define Biological treatments
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Formerly: manic-depressive disorder
-mood levels swing from severe depression to extreme suphoria(mania) -Grandiose cognition: no limits to abilities |
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Define generalized anxiety disorder
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More or less constant worry about many issues, the worrying seriously interferses with functioning
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Symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder
4(physical) |
-headaches
-stomachaches -muscle tension -irritability |
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Define phobia
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An intense, irrational fear that may focus on objects, events, or particular social settings
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What are the two types of phobias?
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Social phobia: fear of failing or being embarssed in social situations
-Specific phobia: fear of specific object |
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Define Schizophrenia
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split mind that refers to loss of touch with reality
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Positive symptoms of schizophrenia
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-delusions
-hallucinations -disturbances in sensation, thinking, and speech |
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Negative symptoms of sch.3
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-Flat mood
-Alogia(greatly reduced production of speech) -Avolition(inability to initiate or persist in simple forms of goal-directed behavior e.g. bathing, dressing |
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What is the dopamine theory?
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-Sz causes by excess dopamine
*Drugs that reduce dopamine reduce Sz symptoms *Drugs that increase dopamine produce symptoms even in people without the disorder |
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What are prenatal problems in Sz?
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*People who live in USA born jan, feb, march are more likely to suffer from Sz.
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Cultural differences in Sz.
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*Prevalence of Sz symptoms is similar no matter what the cultural
*Less industrialized countries have better rates of recovery than industrialized countries *families ten to be less critical of the Sz patients *Less use of antipsychotic medications *Think of Sz as translet, rather than chronic and lasting disorder |
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What is serial killing?
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*Defines serial murders as 3 or more seperate events in 3 or more separate locatoins w/ an emotional colling off peroid in between the homicides
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Define disorganized serial killer..
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Most likely mentally disturbed or deranged, killing behavior seen as in coping mechanisms for reducing sense of powerlessness
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Define organized serial killer:
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Killing behavior is probably best seen as sport, or pleasure. Perfectly fuctional human beings who simply "hunt humans"
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Define Visionary type:
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they believe that visions or voices guide their actions
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Mission-oriented type:
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they believe that they have to remove a certain group from society
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Hedonistic type:
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Killers who derive please or gain from the killing
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Power/control-oriented type:
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Enjoy controlling their victims with some sexual satisfaction
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What is the terrible triad?
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*Bed-wetting: @ least 60% past 12 years of age
*Fire starting * Animal tortue: before moving to people, start with small animals |
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Characteristics of a serial killer:
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*do poorly in school
*trouble holding jobs *tend to come from maredly disturbed families *As children, abandoned by fathers and rased by domineering mother *From an early age, many are intensely interested in voyeurism, fetishism and sadomasochistic porno *families have criminal, psychiatric and alcoholic histories * hate parents *commonly abused as kids by a family member *many spend time in institutions as kids and have records of early psychiatric problems |
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Define social psychology
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How we think about, unfluence, and relate to one another
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Define attrubution:
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The process by which we seek to identify the causes of peoples behavior
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What is the attribution theory:
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We automatically(spontaneously) infer whether someone's behavior was cause by
A)an enduring attribute of the person(interal attribution) B)By something in the persona's enviroment(external) |
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Define FAE?
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The tendency for us to underestimate situational influences and overestimate dispoitional influenced in others behavior(we r external 2 ourselves and internal to others)
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Define attitude:
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An evaluation(postive or negative) on an object, person, idea
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What are the 3 components of an attitude?
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affect: how you feel towards thing
Behavioraltendency: Cognition: you have certain beliefs about it |
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Define cognitive dissonance theory:
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An aversive internal state results from inconsistency between our attitudes and behavior or between different attitudes we have
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Groups of cognitions exist in 3 states...
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1.Irrelevant to eachother
2. Consonant with eachother 3. Dissonany with eachother -toreduce dissonance(you smoke but u know its bad) -change behavior change cognition(change beliefs about smoking) -add conconant cognition:(i know its bad but makes me relax) |
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Define informational social influence:
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uncertain situations lead people to look to others for informatin
-leads to private conformity(acceptance) |
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Define normative social influence"
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threat of negative consequences for failure results in conformity
-leads to public conformity(compliance or obedience) |
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Five determinates of attraction:
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proxmity
physical similarity reciprocral exotic and forbidden |
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Define proximity:
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we become friends,date, marry people nearby, spatially or functionally closer to us.
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Define physical attractiveness
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symmetrical faces as well as "normal" average faces are universally judges as more attractive
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Define waht is beauitufl is good sterotype
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The cultural believe that attractive people are smarter, nicer, healthier, happier
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Define kernal of truth
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attractive people tend to make more money and have more adept social sills
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Define similarity matter
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both like same things
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Define reciprocral liking
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u find out someone likes you, you look at em different
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Define the exotic and forbiddeN:
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we often find the things that are rare or that we cannot have more attractive
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What are the 3 steps of helping tree..
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1. Notice the incident
2. Interpret incident as emergency 3. Assume responsibility |
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Define bystander effect:
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the tendency for any given by stander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are perfect
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Define sterotypes:
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thoughts/beliefs about different social groups
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Define prejudice:
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negative affect/emotion
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define discrimination:
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negative/differential behavior
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