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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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tissue destruction. A brain lesion is a naturally or experimentally caused destruction of brain tissue.
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lesion
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use electrodes on the scalp to record rapid, momentary changes in brain electrical activity.
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Electroencephalogram (EEG)
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provides a visual display of brain activity that detects a radioactive form of glucose while the brain performs a given task. Show abnormalities in brain functioning by measuring the distribution of metabolic activity in the brain.
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positron emission tomography (PET) Scan
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produce computer-generated images that distinguish among different types of brain tissue.
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magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
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reveals both structure and function of the brain. Detects blood flow as individuals perform different mental functions.
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fMRI
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the oldest part of the brain, beginning where the spinal cord swells and enters the skull. Responsible for autonomic survival functions.
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brainstem
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base of the brainstem, controls heartbeat and breathing.
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medulla
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helps coordinate movements by serving as a bridge between cerebellum and cerebrum.
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pons
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a nerve network in the brainstem that plays an important role in controlling arousal.
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reticular formation
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brain's sensory switchboard, located on top of the brainstem. It directs messages to the sensory areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla.
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thalamus
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the "little brain" attached to the rear of the brainstem. It helps coordinate voluntary movements and balance. Also, tells brain what to expect from our own movements.
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cerebellum
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associated with emotions such as fear, aggression, and drives for food and sex. It includes the hypothalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus.
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the limbic system
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two almond shaped neural clusters linked to fear and anger.
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amygdala
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plays a vital role in learning and memory.
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hippocampus
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below the thalamus; directs several maintenance activities like eating, drinking, body temperature, and sexual behavior. Contains the reward center.
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hypothalamus
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the intricate fabric of interconnected neural cells that covers the cerebral hemispheres. The body's ultimate control and information processing center.
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the cerebral cortex
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at the rear of the frontal lobes; controls voluntary movements by sending messages out to the body. Damage can alter personality.
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motor cortex
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receives info from skin surface and sense organs.
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sensory cortex (parietal cortex)
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at the back of the head, include visual areas.
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occipital lobes
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just above the ears, include auditory areas.
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temporal lobes
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not involved in primary motor or sensory functions. Rather, they interpret, integrate, and act on information processed by the sensory areas.
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association areas
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impairment of language, usually caused by left hemisphere damage either to Broca's area (impaired speaking) or to Wernicke's area (impaired understanding).
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aphasia
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more verbal hemisphere
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left hemisphere
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hemisphere that excels in visual perception
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right hemisphere
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the brain's ability to modify itself after some types of injury or illness
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plasticity
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