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172 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Activities of daily living
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self-care tasks such as eating, bathing, toileting, walking, or dressing (ADLs)
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Adaptation level
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area where environmental press is average for a particular level of competence
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Aerobic exercise
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exercise that places a moderate stress on the heart by maintaining a pulse rate between 60 & 90% of the maximum heart rate
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Alienation
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when workers feel that what they are doing is meaningless, that their efforts are devalued, or when they do not see the connection between what they do and the final product
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Anorexia nervosa
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persistent refusal to eat, accompanied by an irrational fear of being overweight
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Assisted living facilities
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a supportive living arrangement for people who need assistance with ADLs or IADLs but who are not so impaired physically or cognitively that they need 24-hour care
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Assortative mating
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theory of mating that states that people find partners based on their similarity to each other
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Authoritarian parenting
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parents who show high levels of control and low levels of warmth toward their children
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Authoritative parenting
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parents who use a moderate amt of control and are warm and responsive to their children
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Average life expectancy
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age at which half of the people born in a particular year will have died
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Bereavement
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state or condition caused by loss through death
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Binge drinking
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consuming five or more drinks in a row for men four or more drinks for women within the past two weeks
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Blended family
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family consisting of a biological parent, a stepparent, and children
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Body mass index
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an adjusted ratio of weight to height; used to define overweight
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Bridge job
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the job one holds between one’s exit from the career job and final retirement
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Bulimia nervosa
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disease in which people alternate between binge eating-periods when they eat uncontrollably-and purging through self induced vomiting or with laxatives
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Burnout
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depletion of person’s energy and motivation
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
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most common form of incapacitating respiratory disease among older adults; asthma and emphysema
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Circadian rhythm
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sleep-wake cycle
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Clinical death
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death defined by lack of heartbeat and respiration
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Cohabitation
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two or more unrelated adults living together
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Common couple violence
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violence that occurs occasionally within a relationship that is instigated by either partner
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Competence
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upper limit of a person’s ability to function in five domains: physical health, sensory-perceptual skills, motor skills, cognitive skills, and ego strength
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Date rape
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when someone is forced to have sexual intercourse with someone he or she knows
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Demography
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study of population trends
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Depression
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disorder characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, irritability, and low self-esteem
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Docility
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when people allow the situation to dictate the options they hove
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Dysphoria
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feeling sad or down; the most prominent symptom of depression
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Encapsulated
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result of the processes of thinking becoming connected with the products of thinking
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End-of-life issues
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includes management of the final phase of life, disposition of body and memorial services, and distribution of assets
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Environmental press
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number and types of physical, interpersonal, or social demands that environments make on people
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Euthanasia
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practice of ending a life for reasons of mercy
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Extended family
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family in which grandparents and other relatives live with parents and children
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Familism
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the idea that the well-being of the family takes precedence over the concerns of individual family members
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Final scenario
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making choices known to others about how a person wants his or her life to end
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Fluid intelligence
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abilities such as thinking in a flexible, adaptive manner, drawing inferences, and understanding relations between concepts
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Frail older adults
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older adults who have physical disabilities, are very ill, and may have cognitive or psychological disorders
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Gender discrimination
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denying a job to someone solely on the basis of whether the person is a man or woman
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Glass ceiling
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level to which women and minorities may rise in a company but beyond which they may not go
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Grief work
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psychological side of coming to terms with bereavement
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Hedonistic orientation
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according to Eisenberg, a level of prosocial reasoning common in preschool and elementary school children in which they emphasize pursuing their own pleasure
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Homogamy
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similarity of values and interests
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Hormone replacement therapy
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treatment for symptoms accompanying the climacteric in which women take low doses of estrogen and progesterone
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Hospice
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movement that provides a supportive environment for dying people by keeping families engaged in caregiving and by providing professional assistance during this very stressful time
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Illusion of invulnerability
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adolescents’ belief that misfortunes cannot happen to them
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Intermediate care
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facility that provides 24-hour care but does not involve intensive skilled nursing
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Intimacy versus isolation
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according to Erikson, the psychosocial conflict of young adulthood
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Joint custody
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after divorce, both parents share legal custody of their children
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Leisure
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discretionary activity that includes simple relaxation, activities for enjoyment, creative pursuits, and sensual transcendence
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Life review
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process of reviewing one’s life
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Life-course persistent antisocial behavior
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antisocial behavior that emerges at an early age and continues throughout life
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Maximum life expectancy
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oldest age to which any person lives
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Menarche
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onset of menstruation
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Mourning
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culturally approved ways in which people express their grief
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Multidimensional
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approaches to intelligence that identify different areas of intellectual abilities
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Negative reinforcement trap
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unwittingly reinforcing a behavior you want to discourage
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Neuritic plaques
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damaged and dying neurons that collect around a core of protein
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Neurofibrillary tangles
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abnormal filaments found in large numbers of neurons in people with Alzheimers
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Nuclear family
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family consisting of parent(s) and child(ren)
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Optimal level of development
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the highest level of information-processing capacity that a person is capable of doing
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Osteoarthritis
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a bone disease marked by gradual onset and progression of joint pain and disability with minor signs of inflammation
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Osteoporosis
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disease in which bones become porous, like honeycombs, and break extremely easily
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Passive euthanasia
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allowing a person to die by withholding an available treatment
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Patriarchal terrorism
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systematic violence within a relationship that is directed to a woman from a man
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Patronizing speech
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way of speaking to older adults that is marked by slower rate, exaggerated intonation, higher pitch, increased volume, repetitions, closed-end questions, and simplified vocabulary and grammar
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Permissive parenting
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style of parenting that offers warmth and caring but little parental control over children
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Persistent vegetative state
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state in which a person’s cortical functioning ceases while brainstem activity continues
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Personal control beliefs
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beliefs about the degree to which one’s performance in a situation is within one’s control
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Personal fable
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attitude of many adolescents that their feelings and experiences are unique and have never been experienced by anyone else before
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Personality-type theory
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view proposed by Holland that people find their work fulfilling when the important features of a job or profession fit the worker’s personality
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Population pyramid
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graphic technique used by demographers to illustrate population trends
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Possible selves
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projecting what we could become, what we would like to become, and what we are afraid of becoming
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Activities of daily living
|
self-care tasks such as eating, bathing, toileting, walking, or dressing (ADLs)
|
|
|
Adaptation level
|
area where environmental press is average for a particular level of competence
|
|
|
Aerobic exercise
|
exercise that places a moderate stress on the heart by maintaining a pulse rate between 60 & 90% of the maximum heart rate
|
|
|
Alienation
|
when workers feel that what they are doing is meaningless, that their efforts are devalued, or when they do not see the connection between what they do and the final product
|
|
|
Anorexia nervosa
|
persistent refusal to eat, accompanied by an irrational fear of being overweight
|
|
|
Assisted living facilities
|
a supportive living arrangement for people who need assistance with ADLs or IADLs but who are not so impaired physically or cognitively that they need 24-hour care
|
|
|
Assortative mating
|
theory of mating that states that people find partners based on their similarity to each other
|
|
|
Authoritarian parenting
|
parents who show high levels of control and low levels of warmth toward their children
|
|
|
Authoritative parenting
|
parents who use a moderate amt of control and are warm and responsive to their children
|
|
|
Average life expectancy
|
age at which half of the people born in a particular year will have died
|
|
|
Bereavement
|
state or condition caused by loss through death
|
|
|
Binge drinking
|
consuming five or more drinks in a row for men four or more drinks for women within the past two weeks
|
|
|
Blended family
|
family consisting of a biological parent, a stepparent, and children
|
|
|
Body mass index
|
an adjusted ratio of weight to height; used to define overweight
|
|
|
Bridge job
|
the job one holds between one’s exit from the career job and final retirement
|
|
|
Bulimia nervosa
|
disease in which people alternate between binge eating-periods when they eat uncontrollably-and purging through self induced vomiting or with laxatives
|
|
|
Burnout
|
depletion of person’s energy and motivation
|
|
|
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
|
most common form of incapacitating respiratory disease among older adults; asthma and emphysema
|
|
|
Circadian rhythm
|
sleep-wake cycle
|
|
|
Clinical death
|
death defined by lack of heartbeat and respiration
|
|
|
Cohabitation
|
two or more unrelated adults living together
|
|
|
Common couple violence
|
violence that occurs occasionally within a relationship that is instigated by either partner
|
|
|
Competence
|
upper limit of a person’s ability to function in five domains: physical health, sensory-perceptual skills, motor skills, cognitive skills, and ego strength
|
|
|
Date rape
|
when someone is forced to have sexual intercourse with someone he or she knows
|
|
|
Demography
|
study of population trends
|
|
|
Depression
|
disorder characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, irritability, and low self-esteem
|
|
|
Docility
|
when people allow the situation to dictate the options they hove
|
|
|
Dysphoria
|
feeling sad or down; the most prominent symptom of depression
|
|
|
Encapsulated
|
result of the processes of thinking becoming connected with the products of thinking
|
|
|
End-of-life issues
|
includes management of the final phase of life, disposition of body and memorial services, and distribution of assets
|
|
|
Environmental press
|
number and types of physical, interpersonal, or social demands that environments make on people
|
|
|
Euthanasia
|
practice of ending a life for reasons of mercy
|
|
|
Extended family
|
family in which grandparents and other relatives live with parents and children
|
|
|
Familism
|
the idea that the well-being of the family takes precedence over the concerns of individual family members
|
|
|
Final scenario
|
making choices known to others about how a person wants his or her life to end
|
|
|
Fluid intelligence
|
abilities such as thinking in a flexible, adaptive manner, drawing inferences, and understanding relations between concepts
|
|
|
Frail older adults
|
older adults who have physical disabilities, are very ill, and may have cognitive or psychological disorders
|
|
|
Gender discrimination
|
denying a job to someone solely on the basis of whether the person is a man or woman
|
|
|
Glass ceiling
|
level to which women and minorities may rise in a company but beyond which they may not go
|
|
|
Grief work
|
psychological side of coming to terms with bereavement
|
|
|
Hedonistic orientation
|
according to Eisenberg, a level of prosocial reasoning common in preschool and elementary school children in which they emphasize pursuing their own pleasure
|
|
|
Homogamy
|
similarity of values and interests
|
|
|
Hormone replacement therapy
|
treatment for symptoms accompanying the climacteric in which women take low doses of estrogen and progesterone
|
|
|
Hospice
|
movement that provides a supportive environment for dying people by keeping families engaged in caregiving and by providing professional assistance during this very stressful time
|
|
|
Illusion of invulnerability
|
adolescents’ belief that misfortunes cannot happen to them
|
|
|
Intermediate care
|
facility that provides 24-hour care but does not involve intensive skilled nursing
|
|
|
Intimacy versus isolation
|
according to Erikson, the psychosocial conflict of young adulthood
|
|
|
Joint custody
|
after divorce, both parents share legal custody of their children
|
|
|
Leisure
|
discretionary activity that includes simple relaxation, activities for enjoyment, creative pursuits, and sensual transcendence
|
|
|
Life review
|
process of reviewing one’s life
|
|
|
Life-course persistent antisocial behavior
|
antisocial behavior that emerges at an early age and continues throughout life
|
|
|
Maximum life expectancy
|
oldest age to which any person lives
|
|
|
Menarche
|
onset of menstruation
|
|
|
Mourning
|
culturally approved ways in which people express their grief
|
|
|
Multidimensional
|
approaches to intelligence that identify different areas of intellectual abilities
|
|
|
Negative reinforcement trap
|
unwittingly reinforcing a behavior you want to discourage
|
|
|
Neuritic plaques
|
damaged and dying neurons that collect around a core of protein
|
|
|
Neurofibrillary tangles
|
abnormal filaments found in large numbers of neurons in people with Alzheimers
|
|
|
Nuclear family
|
family consisting of parent(s) and child(ren)
|
|
|
Optimal level of development
|
the highest level of information-processing capacity that a person is capable of doing
|
|
|
Osteoarthritis
|
a bone disease marked by gradual onset and progression of joint pain and disability with minor signs of inflammation
|
|
|
Osteoporosis
|
disease in which bones become porous, like honeycombs, and break extremely easily
|
|
|
Passive euthanasia
|
allowing a person to die by withholding an available treatment
|
|
|
Patriarchal terrorism
|
systematic violence within a relationship that is directed to a woman from a man
|
|
|
Patronizing speech
|
way of speaking to older adults that is marked by slower rate, exaggerated intonation, higher pitch, increased volume, repetitions, closed-end questions, and simplified vocabulary and grammar
|
|
|
Permissive parenting
|
style of parenting that offers warmth and caring but little parental control over children
|
|
|
Persistent vegetative state
|
state in which a person’s cortical functioning ceases while brainstem activity continues
|
|
|
Personal control beliefs
|
beliefs about the degree to which one’s performance in a situation is within one’s control
|
|
|
Personal fable
|
attitude of many adolescents that their feelings and experiences are unique and have never been experienced by anyone else before
|
|
|
Personality-type theory
|
view proposed by Holland that people find their work fulfilling when the important features of a job or profession fit the worker’s personality
|
|
|
Population pyramid
|
graphic technique used by demographers to illustrate population trends
|
|
|
Possible selves
|
projecting what we could become, what we would like to become, and what we are afraid of becoming
|
|
|
Practical intelligence
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skills and knowledge necessary for people to function in everyday life
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|
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Pre-conventional level
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first level of reasoning in Kohlberg’s theory, where moral reasoning is based on external forces
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Presbycusis
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loss in the ability to hear high-pitched tones
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Presbyopia
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difficulty in seeing close objects clearly, caused by the inability of the lens to focus as the muscles around it stiffen
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Primary sex characteristics
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physical sighs of maturity directly linked to the reproductive organs
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Proactivity
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when people choose new behaviors to meet new desires or needs
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Psychomotor speed
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speed with which a person makes a particular response
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Punishment
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applying an aversive stimulus (spanking) or removing an attractive stimulus
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Reasonable woman standard
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legal criterion for determining whether sexual harassment has occurred; based on whether a reasonable woman would view behavior as harassing
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Returning adult students
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college students over the age of 25
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|
Rheumatoid arthritis
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a more destructive joint disease than osteoarthritis that develops slowly and affects joints, causing stiffness and pain
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Secondary sex characteristics
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physical signs of maturity not directly linked to the reproductive organs
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|
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Skilled nursing care
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24-hour care requiring fairly constant monitoring and provision of medical and other health services, usually by nurses
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|
Social convoy
|
group of people who journey together throughout their lives and provide each other support in good and bad times
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Spermarche
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first spontaneous ejaculation of sperm
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Spiritual support
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type of coping in which people seek pastoral care, participate in organized and nonorganized religious activities, and express faith in a God who cares for people
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Stagnation
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according to Erikson, a state in which people are not able to deal with the needs of their children or are unable to provide mentoring to younger adults
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Stereotype threat
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an evoked fear of being judged in accordance with a negative stereotype about a group to which you belong
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Stress and coping paradigm
|
dominant framework used to study stress
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Stroke
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interruption in the blood flow of blood in the brain due to a blockage in a cerebral artery
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Terror management theory
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addresses the issue of why people engage in certain behaviors to achieve particular psychological states
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Time-out
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punishment for misbehaving to be quiet in an unstimulating environment
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|
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Transient ischemic attack (TIAs)
|
an interruption of blood flow to the brain that often is an early warning sign of stroke
|
|
|
Uninvolved parenting
|
style of parenting that provides neither warmth nor control and that minimizes the amount time parents spend with kids
|
|
|
Useful life expectancy
|
number of years a person has that are free from debilitating chronic disease and impairment
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|
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Vocational maturity
|
degree of congruity between a person’s age and occupational behaviors
|
|
|
Whole-brain death
|
the most widely used measure to determine death, based on an established set of criteria
|
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|
Work-family conflict
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feeling of being pulled in multiple directions by incompatible demands from one’s job and one’s family
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