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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A memory aid
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mnemonic
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Acetylcholine does this
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helps with memory
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B vitamins does this
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helps with memory
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Estrogen does this
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helps with memory
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this is the first kind of memory that occurs and only lasts for seconds
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sensory memory
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This is the first part of memory storage, lasts for 7-30sec
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working memory
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This requires effortful processing: repetition and rehearsal
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long-term memory
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This involves memories of facts
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Explicit memory
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These kinds of memories are received by higher brain - cerebral cortex
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Explicit memory
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These are memories of skills
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Implicit memory
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These are received in the lower brain centers
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Implicit memory
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These are automatic and require no conscious thought
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Implicit memory
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Act of learning changes brain's
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neural pathways
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When learning occurs the brain
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becomes more efficient
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Cerebral amnesia occurs because
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the hippocampus has not yet developed
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Experience changes ______
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memories
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Occurs when memories change events
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misattribution
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This occurs when you can remember first items and last items better than middle items
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recency effect
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Building memory requires
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attention
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The capacity for goal directed behavior
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intelligence
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Humor is a sign of
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inteligence
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Best predictor of intelligence is ____
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educational level of the parent
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The country's IQ has risen in the last 50 years is an example of
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Flynn effect
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Used to be these kinds of intelligence
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Analytical
Practical Creative |
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This person proposed the theory that there are 3 different kinds of intelligence
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Sternberg
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The new theory of intelligence involves these types
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Linguistic
Logical-mathematical Spatial Musical Bodily-kinesthetic Intrapersonal Interpersonal Naturalistic |
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The person who proposed the theory that there are 7-8 kinds of intelligence
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Gardner
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IQ is expressed as
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Mental age
________________ x 100 chronological age |
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This is shown by repetition
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reliability
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When test measures what it is supposed to this shows
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validity
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Achievement is
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performance
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Problem solving involves
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1) ID problem
2) pick a solution |
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Logical methodical problem solving
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algorythm
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rule of thumb
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heuristic
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ignore everything but what you believe
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belief perserverence
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Judging the probability of membership in a category by how well an object resembles that category
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representative heuristic
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The more available an event is in our memory, the more probable it is
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availability heuristic
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The tendency to seek evidence that confirms one's beliefs
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confirmation bias
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Initial estimate is used and then it is adjusted up or down
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anchroing and adjustment heuristic
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the inability to create a new interpretation of the problem
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fixation
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the processing of information to solve problems and make judgment and decisions
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thinking
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This psychologist found that we think differently at different ages
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Piaget
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Factual knowledge
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semantic memory
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Personal experiences
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Episodic memory
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Motor and cognitive skills involving procedures
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Procedural memory
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Automatic conditions responses
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Conditioning memory
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Memory that requires conscious recall
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Explicit (declarative) memory
episodic, semantic |
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Memory that does not rquires conscious recall
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Implicit (nondeclarative) memory
Procedural, Conditioning |
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the average number of items an individual can remember across a series of trials
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memory span
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a meaningful unit in a person's memory
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chunk
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the superior recall of the early portion of a list relative to the middle of the list in a one-trial free recall task
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primacy effect
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the superior recall of the latter portion of a list relative to the middle of the list in a one-trial free recall task
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recency effect
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the process of moving information from one memory stage to the next
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encoding
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the process of maintaining information in a memory stage
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storage
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the process of bringing information stored in longterm memory into shortterm memory
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retrieval
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memory processing that occurs subconsciously and does not require attention
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automatic processing
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memory processing that occurs consciously and requires attention
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effortful processing
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shortterm memory information is related to information from longterm memory to encode it into longterm memory
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elaborative rehearsal
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the superior long-term memory for information related to oneself at time of encoding into long-term memory
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self-reference effect
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long-term memory retrieval is best when a person's psychological state at the time of encoding and retrieval of the information is the same
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state-dependent memory
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long-term memory retrieval is best when a person's mood state at the time of encoding and retrieval of the information is the same
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mood-dependent memory
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a mnemonic in which the items in a list to be remembered are associated with the sequential items in a memorized jingle and the list is retrieved by going through the jingle and retrieving the assoicated items
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peg-word system
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superior long-term memory for spaced study versus massed study
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spacing (distributed study) effect
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a measure of long-term memory retrieval that requires the reproduction of the information with essentially no retrieval cues
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recall
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a measure of long-term memory retrieval that only requires the identification of the information in the presense of retrieval cues
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recognition
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the savings method of measuring long-term memory retrieval in which the measure is the amount of time saved when learning information for the second time
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relearning
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a theory of forgetting that proposes that forgetting is due to the decay of the biological representation of the information and that periodic usage of the information will help to maintain it in storage
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storage decay theory
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frameworks for our knowledge about people, objects, events and actions that allow us t o organize and interpret information about our world
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schemas
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attributing a memory to a wrong source, resulting in a false memory
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source misattribution
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an inaccurate memory that feels as real as an accurate memory
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false memory
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the distortion of a memory by exposure to misleading information
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misinformation effect
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