Psychology Exam 2

Front 1

A relatively permanent change in behavior- through experience, not maturation

Back 1

Learning

Front 2

Passive Type of Learning

Back 2

Classical Conditioning

Front 3

Anything that causes a reaction

Back 3

Stimulus

Front 4

Chain Another Neutral Stimulus

Back 4

Higher Order Conditioning

Front 5

Continually getting sick when eating/drinking

Back 5

Taste Aversion

Front 6

Active Type of Learning

Back 6

Operant Conditioning

Front 7

Voluntary Action

Back 7

Operant

Front 8

Whether or not you repeat an action is dependant on what happened the first time you did it

Back 8

Thorndike's Law Effect

Front 9

Increase Likelihood of Operant

Back 9

Reinforcer

Front 10

Decrease Liklihood of Operant

Back 10

Punisher

Front 11

Reinforce EVERY TIME - (Dog Treat every time)

Back 11

Continuese Reinforcement

Front 12

Reinforce Behavior every X# of times (every 5 times using treadmil, get treat)

Back 12

Fixed-Ratio

Front 13

After certain amount of TIME you get rewarded

Back 13

Fixed Interval

Front 14

Random # of Behaviors

Back 14

Variable Ratio

Front 15

Rewarded after a random period of time

Back 15

Variable Interval

Front 16

Learning that has happened, but is not demonstrated until later, when theres motivation to do so

Back 16

Latent Learning

Front 17

Learn by watching what others do and how others are rewarded/punished for what they do

Back 17

Observational learning

Front 18

Modify known behavior to fit a new situation

Back 18

Elicitation effect

Front 19

Process

Back 19

Memory

Front 20

Transformation of into for storage

Back 20

Encoding

Front 21

Maintaining Info

Back 21

Storage

Front 22

Bringing that info back into your mind

Back 22

Retrieve

Front 23

Vision- Fraction of a second
Sound- 2 seconds

Back 23

Sensory Memory

Front 24

7+-2 chunks of info
~30 seconds

Back 24

Shory Term Memory

Front 25

Maintenence Rehearsal

Back 25

Repeat

Front 26

Elaborate Rehearsal

Back 26

Add more info- Relate to what you already know

Front 27

Declarative or Procedural

Back 27

Long Term Memory

Front 28

Declarative

Back 28

Can talk about it

Front 29

Episodic (Declarative)

Back 29

Personal Memories

Front 30

Demantic (Declarative)

Back 30

Facts, Info

Front 31

Procedural

Back 31

Motor Skills - Hard to Verbalize

Front 32

Recall

Back 32

Produce info from memory

Front 33

Recognition

Back 33

Recognize something familiar

Front 34

Reconstruction

Back 34

an account pieced together from highlights that may or may not be accurate

Front 35

Schemas

Back 35

frameworks of knowledge and assumptions that we have about people, objects, and events

Front 36

Serial position curve

Back 36

For info learned in a sequence, recall is better at the beggining and end then the middle

Front 37

Primacy Effect

Back 37

Recall first items better

Front 38

Recency Effect

Back 38

Recall last items better

Front 39

Distinctiveness

Back 39

Items that stand out "Artichoke"

Front 40

Repition & Rehearsal

Back 40

"Night" was repeated

Front 41

Chunking

Back 41

"Toss" and "Turn" go together

Front 42

Forgetting

Back 42

The inability to remember

Front 43

Decay theory

Back 43

Unused memories fade with time & ultimately dissapper

Front 44

Interference

Back 44

Something that gets in the way

Front 45

Proactive Interference

Back 45

Old Memories get in the way of forming new ones

Front 46

Retroactive Interference

Back 46

New memories get in the way of bringing up old ones

Front 47

Consolidation failure

Back 47

Disruption in the storage of memories, usually caused by loss of consciousness

Front 48

Retrograde Amnesia

Back 48

Loss of memory for experience that occured shortly before a loss of consciousness

Front 49

Anterograde Amnesia

Back 49

Inability to form new memores

Front 50

Prospective Forgetting

Back 50

Not remembering an intended action, due to interference

Front 51

Retrieval Failure

Back 51

Tip-of-the-tongue Phenomenon