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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are the goals of psychology? |
Description Explanation Prediction Control |
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Who was John Watson? |
Believed fears are learned via experience |
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Who was Ivan Pavlov? |
Classical conditioning/learning |
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Behavioral perspective |
•B.F. Skinner -Operant conditioning -Reinforcement |
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Humanistic Perspective |
People have the freedom to choose their own destinies |
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Cognitive perspective |
Emphasis: •memory •intelligence •perception •problem solving •learning •cognitive neuroscience •physical workings of brain |
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Sociocultural perspective |
•combines social and cultural psychology •cross-cultural research |
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Biopsychological perspective |
Attributes human and animal behavior to biological events |
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Evolutionary perspective |
Biological bases of mental traits shared by all humans |
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What's is a psychiatrist? |
Has a medical degree, is a physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders |
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What is Gestalt psychology based upon? |
The whole is greater than the sum of its part |
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What is a dependent variable? |
Level of something |
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What's is an independent variable? |
Type of something (dog) |
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What is the definition of psychology? |
The scientific study of behavior and mental processes |
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Who was Sigmund Freud? |
Believed in the importance of early childhood experiences |
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Psychodynamic perspective |
Focus: -Operant Conditioning -reinforcement |
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Correlation |
A measure of the relationship between two variables |
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Positive correlation |
Variables related in same direction |
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Negative correlation |
Variables related in opposite directions |
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What conclusions can we draw from correlational research? |
Finding of relationships |
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Single blind |
Don't know what to expect/group |
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Double blind |
Don't know who's in which group |
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Placebo effect |
Have to control |
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What is a neuron? |
Specialized cell in the nervous system that receives and sends messages within that system |
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What is a synapse? |
A fluid filled space |
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Dopamine |
Involved in control of movement and sensations of pleasure |
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Endorphin |
Involved in pain relief |
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Serotonin |
Involved in mood, sleep, and appetite |
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Corpus callosum |
A wide, flat bundle of neural fibers |
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Pituitary gland |
Regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands |
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What reaction is the sympathetic nervous system involved in? |
Autonomic nervous system |
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What two structures make up the central nervous system? |
Brain and spinal cord |
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What is myelin and what is its purpose |
A layer of fatty tissue segment ally encasing the fibers of many neurons
Greater Speed of neural impulses |
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Split brain research |
•corpus callosum is sometimes severed to reduce seizures -left visual field: •right hemisphere -right visual field: •left hemisphere |
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What is the thalamas |
Parts of the forebrain that relays info from sensory organs to the cerebral cortex |
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Label brain |
Pic |
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What is transduction? |
Transportation of stimuli to the central nervous system |
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Rods and cones |
Cones = responsible for color Rods = responsible for black and white colors, and night vision |
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Which theory of vision can explain the after effect? |
Opponent process theory |
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What is the vestibular sense? |
The sensations of body rotation and of gravitation and movement |
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What are the five basic tastes? |
Salty Sour Bitter Sweet Umami |
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Top down processing |
How our brains make use of info that has already been brought into the brain by one or more of the sensory systems |
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Bottom up processing |
Perception starts at the sensory input, the stimulus |
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