Psychology Core Concepts Chapter 14

Front 1

Stress

Back 1

A physical and mental response to a challenging or threatening situation

Front 2

Stressor

Back 2

A stressful stimulus

Front 3

Traumatic stressor

Back 3

A situation that threatens one's physical safety

Front 4

Vicarious traumatization

Back 4

Severe stress caused by exposure to traumatic images or stories causing the observer to become engaged with the stressful material

Front 5

Postraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Back 5

Delayed stress reaction in which an individual involuntarily reexperiences emotional

Front 6

Burnout

Back 6

Syndrome of emotional exhaustion

Front 7

Hassles

Back 7

Situations that cause minor irritation or frustration

Front 8

Cognitive appraisal

Back 8

Assessment of a stressor and one's resources for dealing with it.

Front 9

Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)

Back 9

Psychological rating scale designed to measure stress levels by attaching values to common life changes

Front 10

Acute stress

Back 10

A temporary pattern of stressor-activated arousal with a distinct onset and limited duration

Front 11

Chronic stress

Back 11

Continuous stressful arousal persisting over time

Front 12

Fight-or-flight

Back 12

Sequence of internal processes preparing an organism for struggle or escape

Front 13

General adaptation syndrome (GAS)

Back 13

Pattern of general physical responses that take essentially the same form in responding to any serious chronic stressor

Front 14

Alarm reaction

Back 14

First stage of the GAS

Front 15

Stage of resistance

Back 15

Second stage of the GAS

Front 16

Stage of exhaustion

Back 16

Third stage of the GAS

Front 17

Tend-and-befriend model

Back 17

Stress response model proposing that females are biologically predisposed to respond to threat by nurturing and protecting offspring and seeking social support

Front 18

Immune system

Back 18

Bodily organs and responses that protect the body from foreign substances and threats

Front 19

Psychoneuroimmunology

Back 19

Multidisciplinary field that studies the influence of mental states on the immune system

Front 20

Cytokines

Back 20

Horomone-like chemicals facilitating communication between brain and immune system

Front 21

Type A

Back 21

Behavior pattern characterized by intense

Front 22

Type B

Back 22

Behavior pattern characterized by relaxed

Front 23

Learned helplessness

Back 23

Pattern of failure to respond to noxious stimuli after an organism learns its responses are ineffective

Front 24

Cognitive hardiness

Back 24

Mental quality of resistance to stress

Front 25

Resilience

Back 25

Capacity to adapt

Front 26

Coping

Back 26

Dealing with stress by reducing or eliminating stressful conditions and their effects

Front 27

Emotion-focused coping

Back 27

Responding to stress by controlling one's emotional responses

Front 28

Problem-focused coping

Back 28

Responding to stress by identifying

Front 29

Social support

Back 29

Resources others provide to help an individual cope with stress

Front 30

Psychological debriefing

Back 30

Brief

Front 31

Optimistic style of thinking

Back 31

Pattern of thinking that interprets stressors as external in origin

Front 32

Cognitive restructuring

Back 32

Psychotherapeutic technique based on client's learning to reappraise stressors as less uncertain and more within one's control

Front 33

Behavioral medicine

Back 33

Medical field specializing in the link between lifestyle and disease

Front 34

Health psychology

Back 34

Psychological specialty devoted to understanding how people stay healthy

Front 35

Subjective well-being (SWB)

Back 35

An individual's evaluative response to life