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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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personality
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the complex set of psychological qualities that influence an individual's characteristic patterns of behavior across different situations and over time.
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personality types
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Personality theorists also group people into distinct, nonoverlapping categories that are called ___________ _____
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Hippocrates
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one of the earliest personality theorists who believed the body contained four basic fluids, or humors, each associated with a particular temperment.
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Galen
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belived an induvidual's temperment depends on which humor was predominant in his or her body.
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William Sheldon
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assigned people to personality types based on their body builds
fat people are sociable and relaxed. muscular people are full of energy and are assertive. thin people are brainy, artistic, and introverted. |
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Frank Sulloway
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believed birth order matters. Children born later are more likely to seek out a different "niche" in life than the first-born.
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Traits
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enduring qualities or attributes that predispose individuals to behave consistently across situations.
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Gordon Allport
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This theorist believes traits are the building blocks of personality and the source of individuality. traits produce coherence in behavio because they connect and unify a person's reactions to a variety of stimuli.
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central traits
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represent major characteristics of a person, such as honesty or optimism
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secondary traits
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specific, personal features that help predict an individual's behavior but are less useful for understanding an individual's personality.
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Raymond Cattell
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He used Allport and Odbert's list of adjectives as a starting point in his quest to uncover the appropriate small set of basic traits dimensions.
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Hans Eysneck
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This theorist derived just three broad dimensions from personality test data: extraversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism. Correlates w/ four personality types of Hippocrates (the humors).
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