Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Chromosomal sex+hormonal sex= |
anatomical sex |
|
|
Female chromosomes |
xx |
|
|
Male chromosomes |
xy |
|
|
Embryo is genetically male or female but its anatomy is undifferentiated. |
At 6 weeks |
|
|
The embryo contains________ that can develop into either testes or ovaries, and a set of male/female tissue. |
gonads |
|
|
Nature programs everyone to be _________ unless at the 7th week, there is a high level of testosterone.
|
female |
|
|
Tall, long arms, poor muscular development, enlarged breasts and hips, a small penis, shrunken testes and low sexual desire. |
Klinefelter's Syndrome (XXY or XXXY) |
|
|
No ovaries or ovarian hormones. No menstruation or adult breasts. Usually short, and with skeletal abnormalities. |
Turner's Syndrome (X0) |
|
|
Both male and female reproductive systems due to differentiation failure of primitive gonads. One ovary and fallopian tube on one side. 1 vas deferens and testes on the other. Utereus inbetween. Ambiguous external genitalia. 2/3 raised as boys until puberty. |
Hermaphroditism |
|
|
Gender identity does not match anatomical sex. Person feels trapped inside the wrong body. Awareness often occurs in childhood. Boys outnumbering girls 7:1 prior to adolescence. Adults referred to as transsexuals or transgendered persons. |
Gender dysphoria |
|
|
Distinct sense of natural preference and consistent attraction to sexual and romantic partners of particular sex in presence of clear alternatives. Heterosexuality at one end, homosexuality at the other end, and bisexuality in the middle. |
Sexual Orientation |
|
|
Neither heterosexuality, nor homosexuality, nor bisexuality has a |
single cause |
|
|
The possible factors of sexuality are |
biological, psychological, and socio -cultural factors |
|
|
Sexual orientation depended upon how Oedipal/Electra complex was resolved. (A domineering, rejecting mother would lead a boy to turn to men for love = male homosexuality. An absent father would lead to a girl to turn to women for love = female homosexuality.) Popular theory but no reliable evidence to support it. |
Freud's Victorian biases |
|
|
Childhood gender nonconformity and later homosexuality is greater for _______ |
Boys |
|
|
Development pathway to homosexuality and bisexuality is more diverse for _______. |
women |
|
|
50-60% of sexual orientation appears to be due to ______ |
genetics |
|
|
A specific gene has been identified in homosexual ________ but not ________ |
males/lesbians |
|
|
Differences between heterosexual and homosexual men are found in small region of __________ and major bundle of nerves connecting the two halves of the brain. |
hypothalamus |
|
|
In ancient Greece, sexual behavior between adult men and adolescent boys was a natural part of his __________________. |
social education. |
|
|
Prior to 7 BC: practiced same-sex religious rituals. |
Ancient Hebrews |
|
|
Female homosexuality was dealt with less harshly because there was no spillage of the ____________. |
"sacred seed" (Hebrew view point) |
|
|
Were initially tolerant of same-sex behaviors. |
Christians |
|
|
"Homosexuality is unnatural" |
St. Thomas Aquinas |
|
|
Homosexuality considered a mental illness in what year? |
Late 1800's |
|
|
No psychiatric differences in studies of homosexuality in what year? |
1957 |
|
|
American Psychiatric Association considered homosexuality not a mental illness. |
1973 |
|
|
"Don't Ask; Don't Tell" in U.S. military started in what year? |
1993 |
|
|
"Don't Ask; Don't Tell" is reversed in what year? |
2010 |
|
|
Greater among: men than women. Those with stereotypical male gender-role attitudes, religious fundamentalists attitude, little education, and authoritarian outlook. |
People with Homophobia |
|
|
Stigma, prejudice, and discrimination that create hostile and stressful social environment. Higher prevalence o depression, mood, and/or stress disorders, Higher for gay men experiencing sexual prejudice. |
Minority Stress |
|
|
Admitting orientation. Recognize this in childhood. Getting to know others like self. Telling close family and friends. Expressing openness about orientation. |
Coming Out |
|
|
Often function as "best friends." Tend to value commitment and romantic love. Typically do not create "husband" and "wife" roles. More likely to regard monogamy as important. |
Gay/Lesbian Romance |
|
|
Many homosexuals are in a _____________. |
Heterosexual marriage |
