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51 Cards in this Set
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Psychology
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the scientific behaviors of mind and behavior
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Mind
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Our private inner expression of perceptions,thoughts, memories, and feelings
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Behavior
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Observable actions of human beings and nonhuman animals
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Conceptual foundation of psychology
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philosophy of the mind, epistomology , ethics
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Nativisim:Plato
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Innate inborn knowledge hardwired
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Philosophical Empiricism: Aristotle
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Knowledge through experience
blank slate tabula rasa |
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Nature vs Nuture
GREEK |
Aristotle and Plato
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Cartesian Theatre
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Descartes(1595-1650)
Radical doubt - I think therefor I am Framework for thinking about the mind and body |
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Dualism
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Descartes-
soul and bosy different in form and matter. Objective scientific knowable, mechanical material world Subjective world of human consciousness - introspection |
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Phrenology
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Franz Joseph Gall
- localization of function - linking the brain and the mind through size -anecdotal evidence |
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Emerging Brain Science:
Pierre Flourens |
Founder of experimental brain science surgical removed of brain parts in animals, Link brain parts with certain behaviors classification of the nervous system.
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Emerging Brain Science:
Paul Broca |
Suggested the mind is grounded in the material process of the brain
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Nativism
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the philosophical view that certain kinds of knowledge are inborn or innate
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Philosophical Empiricism
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view that knowledge is acquired through experience
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Decartes
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Mind and body are fundamentally different
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person
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Physiology
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the study of biological processes especially in humans
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Herman Helmholtz
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Championed Reaction Time for certain stimuli
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Stimulus
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sensory input from the environment
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Reaction TIme
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the duration taken to respond to a specific stimulus
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Wilhelm Wundt (Hermholtz research assistant)
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credited with establishing Psychology as a discipline
-Focused on analyzing the consciousness Father of structuralism 0 the analysis of basic elements that constitute the mind |
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Consciousness
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a persons subjective experience of the world and the mind
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structuralism
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the analysis of the basic elements that constitute the mind
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introspection
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the subjective observation of one's own experience.
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Edward Titchener
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championed structiralism trained many rigourously-overtrained
Sought explaination in physiology |
person
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William James
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Father of Functionalism -
Book-Principles of Psychology (1890) Pyschology as natural Science Made Functionalism Leading View in the US |
person
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Functionalism
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the study of the purposes mental processes serve in enabling people to adapt to their environment
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Natural Selection
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Favorable traits survive
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Illusions
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errors in perception, memory, or judgement in which subjective experience differs from objective reality
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Gestalt Psychology
-Max Wertheimer |
psychological approach that emphasize\s that we often see the whole rather than the sum of the parts
OPPOSITE OF Structuralism |
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Kholer
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Insight leardning in animals
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Sigmund Freud
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Founder Psychoanalytic theory
-dark view - base instincst drive behaviors |
Person
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Hysteria
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the temporary loss of congintion of motor functions usually as the result of emotionally upsetting experiences
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Unconscious
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the part of the mind that operates outside of conscious awareness of but influences conscious thoughts, feelings, and actions
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psychoanalytic theory
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Freud approach to understanding human behavior that emphasizes the importance of the unconscious mind in shapinfg feeling behaviors and thoughts
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psychoanalysis
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a therapeutic approach that focuses on bringing the unconscious min material into conscious awareness
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Carl Rogers
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Humanistic psychology pioneer
- person centered approach |
Person
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Abrahan Maslow
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Humanistic psychology pioneer
- hierarchy of need basic needs to self actualization |
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Humanistic Psychology
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an approach to understanding human nature that emphasizes the positive potential of human beings
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approach
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Behaviorism
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an approach that advocates that psychologist restrict themselves to the scientific stufy of objectively observable behavior
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approach
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John b Watsoj
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Focus on Behavior not Conscious
-rejected introspection -Littel Albert Pavlov inspired |
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Margaret Washburn
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first woman to receive a phd in psychology
-Book- Animal Mind |
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B.F. Skinner
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Reinforcemnt
Skinner Box Conditioning Chamber -Book - The behaviors of organisms |
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Emergence of Conginitive Psychology
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WW11 - training for radar inspection performance etc. Pragmaticism
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Cognitive Psychology
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the scientific study of mental processes, including perception, thought, memory, and reasoning
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Donald Broadbent
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liMits on attention - bottle necl
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person
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Georgia Miller
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limits on the short term memory
Magical number 7 +/- 1 |
person
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Behavioral NeuroScience
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an approcah to pyschology that links psychological processes to activities in the nervous system and other bodily processes
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approach
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Cognitive Neuroscience
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a field that attempts to understand the links between cognitive processes and brain activity
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Evolutionary Psychology
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Mind and behavior explained in terms of adaptive abilities that are preserved overtime through natural selection.
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Social Pyschology
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A subfield of psychology that studies the causes and consequences of interpersonal behaviors
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cultural psychology
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the study of how cultures reflect and shape the psychological processes of their members
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