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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
General life satisfaction combined with frequent positive emotions and relatively few negative emotions.
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Subjective well-being
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Emotional competence, including empathy, self-control, self-awareness, and other skills.
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Emotional intelligence
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Evaluating the personal meaning of a stimulus or situation.
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Emotional appraisal
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The mental process of assigning causes to events. In emotion, the process of attributing arousal to a particular source.
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Attribution
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States that sensations from facial expressions help define what emotion a person feels.
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Facial feedback hypothesis
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States that activity in the thalamus causes emotional feelings and bodily arousal to occur simultaneously.
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Cannon-Bard theory
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States that emotions occur when physical arousal is labeled or interpreted on the basis of experience and situational cues.
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Schachter's cognitive theory
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Study of the meaning of body movements, posture, hand gestures, and facial expressions; commonly called body language.
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Kinesics
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States that emotional feelings follow bodily arousal and come from awareness of such arousal.
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James-Lange theory
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A device for recording heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, and galvanic skin response; commonly called a "lie detector."
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Polygraph
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In a polygraph exam, questions that almost always provoke anxiety.
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Control questions
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Excess activity in the parasympathetic nervous system following a period of intense emotion.
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Parasympathetic rebound
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The system of nerves that connects the brain with the internal organs and glands.
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Autonomic nervous system (ANS)
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A part of the ANS that activates the body at times of stress.
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Sympathetic branch
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A part of the autonomic system that quiets the body and conserves energy.
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Parasympathetic branch
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Actions that aid attempts to survive and adapt to changing conditions.
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Adaptive behaviors
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Alterations in heart rate, blood pressure, perspiration, and other involuntary responses.
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Physiological changes (in emotion)
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Outward signs that an emotion is occurring.
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Emotional expression
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The private, subjective experience of having an emotion.
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Emotional feelings
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According to Robert Plutchik's theory, the most basic emotions are fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, anger, anticipation, joy, and acceptance.
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Primary emotions
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A state characterized by physiological arousal, changes in facial expression, gestures, posture, and subjective feelings.
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Emotion
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Motivation that comes from within, rather than from external rewards; motivation based on personal enjoyment of a task or activity.
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Intrinsic motivation
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Motivation based on obvious external rewards, obligations, or similar factors.
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Extrinsic motivation
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The first four levels of needs in Maslow's hierarchy; lower needs tend to be more potent than higher needs.
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Basic needs
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In Maslow's hierarchy, the higher level needs associated with self-actualization.
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Growth needs
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In Maslow's hierarchy, needs associated with impulses for self-actualization.
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Meta-needs
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Abraham Maslow's ordering of needs, based on their presumed strength or potency.
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Hirarchy of human needs
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The desire to have social impact and control over others.
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Need for power
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Learned motives acquired as part of growing up in a particular society or culture.
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Social motives
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The desire to excel or meet some internalized standard of excellence.
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Need for achievement
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Cyclical changes in bodily functions and arousal levels that vary on a schedule approximating a 24-hour day.
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Circadian rhythms
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A summary of the relationships among arousal, task complexity, and performance.
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Yerkes-Dodson law
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Assumes that people prefer to maintain ideal, or comfortable, levels of arousal.
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Arousal theory
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The first phase of sexual response, indicated by initial signs of sexual arousal.
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Excitement phase
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The second phase of sexual response during which physical arousal is further heightened.
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Plateau phase
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A climax and release of sexual excitement.
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Orgasm
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The fourth phase of sexual response, involving a return to lower levels of sexual tension and arousal.
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Resolution
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One's degree of emotional and erotic attraction to members of the same sex, opposite sex, or both sexes.
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Sexual orientation
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Any of a number of male sex hormones, especially testosterone.
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Androgen
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Areas of the body that produce pleasure and/or provoke erotic desire.
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Erogenous zones
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An unspoken mental plan that defines a "plot," dialogue, and actions expected to take place in a sexual encounter.
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Sexual script
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Thirst triggered when fluid is drawn out of cells due to an increased concentration of salts and minerals outside the cell.
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Intracellular thirst
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A drive that occurs in distinct episodes.
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Episodic drive
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The strength of one's motivation to engage in sexual behavior.
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Sex drive
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Changes in sexual drives of animals that create a desire for mating; particularly used to refer to females in heat.
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Estrus
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Any of a number of female sex horomones.
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Estrogen
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Thirst caused by a reduction in the volume of fluids found between body cells.
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Extracellular thirst
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Active self-starvation or a sustained loss of appetite that has psychological origins.
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Anorexia nervosa
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Excessive eating (gorging) usually followed by self-induced vomiting and/or taking laxatives.
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Bulmia nervosa
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Weight reduction based on changing exercise and eating habits rather than temporary self-starvation.
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Behavioral dieting
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An active dislike for a particular food.
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Taste aversion
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The proportion of body fat that tends to be maintained by changes in hunger and eating.
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Set point
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A small area at the base of the brain that regulates many aspects of motiavtion and emotion, especially hunger, thirst, and sexual behavior.
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Hypothalamus
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A steady state of bodily equilibrium.
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Homeostasis
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The value of a goal above and beyond its ability to fill a need.
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Incentive value
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Innate motives based on biological needs.
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Primary motives
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Innate needs for stimulation and information.
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Stimulus motives
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Motives based on learned needs, drives, and goals.
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Secondary motives
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Internal processes that initiate, sustain, and direct activities.
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Motivation
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An internal deficiency that may energize behavior.
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Need
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The psychological expression of internal needs or valued goals. For example, hunger, thirst, or a drive for success.
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Drive
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Any action, glandular activity, or other identifiable behavior.
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Response
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The target or objective of motivated behavior.
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Goal
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