Psychology Ch 6 Classical And Operant Conditioning

Front 1

Classical Conditioning

Back 1

A simple form of learning in which a person comes to associate or anticipate evants.

Front 2

Taste Aversion

Back 2

Example of classical conditioning. It only takes one association. The UCS (nausea) and CS (certain food) can occur hours apart.

Front 3

Discrimination

Back 3

The tendency to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and similar stimuli. Ex: Different cell phone rings.

Front 4

Flooding

Back 4

The client is exposed to the fear-invoking stimuli in the absence of actual harm until the fear response is extinguished. Unpleasant.

Front 5

What is the difference between classical conditioning an operant conditioning?

Back 5

Classical Conditioning: focuses on how organisms form anticipations.
Operant Conditioning: focuses on what organisms do about those anticipations.

Front 6

Positive Reinforcer

Back 6

Increases the probability that a behavior will occur when reinforcers are applied.

Front 7

Negative Reinforcer

Back 7

Increases the probability that a behavior will occur when the reinorcers are removed.

Front 8

Punishment

Back 8

Aversive events that decrease the frequency of the behavior they follow.

Front 9

What is the difference between negative reinforcement and punishments.

Back 9

Reinforcers are know by their effects.
Punishments are know by how they feel.

Front 10

What are the four basic types of reinforcement schedules?

Back 10

Fixed-interval
Variable-interval
Fixed-ratio
Variable-ratio

Front 11

Fixed-interval

Back 11

A fixed amount of TIME must elapse before correct response is reinforced.

Front 12

Variable-interval

Back 12

A variable amount of TIME elapses before reinforcement. This is more unpredictable.

Front 13

Fixed-ratio

Back 13

Reinforcement is provided after a fixed NUMBER of correct responses have been made.

Front 14

Variable-ratio

Back 14

Reinforcement is provided after a variable NUMBER of correct responses have been made.

Front 15

Which of the four reinforcement schedules is the hardest to extinguish?

Back 15

Variable-ratio Schedule

Front 16

Observational Learning

Back 16

Acquisition of knowledge and skills through observation of others rather than direct experience.