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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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process in which the sense organs’ receptor cells are stimulated and relay initial information to the brain for further processing.
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sensation
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process by which an organism selects and interprets sensory input so that it acquires meaning
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perception
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psychodynamics
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subfield of psychology that focuses on the relationship between physical stimuli and people’s conscious experience of them.
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threshold
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a threshold is the point at which a stimulus becomes noticeable; it is the value of a sensory event (such as the wattage of a light or the volume of a radio) at which the environment is perceived as different.
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Absolute Threshold
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the statistically determined (avg.) minimum level of stimulation necessary to activate a given sensory system 50% of time
50% can see it |
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difference threshold
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the amount of change necessary for an observer to report 50% of the time that a value of a stimulus (ex. A sound) has changed (louder/softer) or is different from another value (chirping of cricket rather than of a bird).
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2 ways to test sensory perception thresholds
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method of limits (ascending or descending)
method of constant stimuli- varies in intensity random order Y or N if detected |
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selective attention
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the purposeful focusing of conscious awareness on a specific stimulus or event in the environment to the (relative) exclusion of other stimuli or events
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electromagnetic radiation
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the entire spectrum of waves initiated by the movement of charged particles
gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet rays, visible light, infrared rays, radar, radio waves, microwaves, and AC currents. |
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retina
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a multilayered network of neurons that line the back of the eyeball and generate signals in response to light.
captures the image |
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myoscopic
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nearsighted
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hyperopic
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farsighted
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photoreceptors
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the light-sensitive cells in the retina—the rods and the cones.
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rods
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primarily responsible for vision at low levels of illumination (dark)
not especially responsive to either fine details or variations in wavelength (color). |
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cones
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primarily resp. for vision in bright light
color-responsive |
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scotopic vision
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very low light, relies on rods
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receptive fields
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areas of the retina that, when stimulated, produce a change in the firing of cells in the visual system
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color depends on
3 dimensions |
3 dimensions
1)hue- wavelenght 2)saturation- homogenity 3) brightness- intensity |
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Monocular depth cues 4
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1) Interposititon (superposition)
2) Relative Size 3) Texture Gradient 4) Atmospheric Perscpective motion parralax and kinetic depth effect |
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law of pragnanz
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if objects can be grouped together, they will be
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Laws of Perceptual Organization
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proximity
similarity continuity common fate principle closure |
