Psychology: Ch 4

Front 1

The best way of estimating a child's physical maturity is?

Back 1

using the skeletal age

Front 2

head to tail, head develops more rapidly than the lower part of the body

Back 2

cephalocaudal trend

Front 3

near to far, from the center of the body outward

Back 3

proximodistal trend

Front 4

in the prenatal period neurons are produced where?

Back 4

neural tube

Front 5

neurons that are stimulated sometimes but lose their synapse are?

Back 5

synaptic pruning...returns neurons not needed at the moment back to an uncommitted state so they can support future development

Front 6

coatinf of neural fibers

Back 6

myelination

Front 7

largest most complex brain structure 85% of brain weight, responsible for intelligence

Back 7

cerebral cortex

Front 8

auditory and visual cortexes and areas responsible for body movement over the ____ yrs?

Back 8

first

Front 9

frontal lobes are responsible for?

Back 9

consciousness,inhibation of impulses,integration of info, regulation of behavior through planning

Front 10

left hemisphere deals with?
right?

Back 10

verbal,+ emotion
spatial - emotion

Front 11

specialization of the two hemis?

Back 11

lateralization

Front 12

if a part of the brain is damaged,other parts can take over tasks that it would have handled

Back 12

brain plasicity

Front 13

the brain is more plastic durin the first few ____ than at any later time of life?

Back 13

first

Front 14

young brains rapidly developing organization, depends on ordinary experiences

Back 14

experiece-expectant brain growth

Front 15

occurs throughtout our lives, additional growth and refinement of established brain structures that result from a specific learning experience that vary

Back 15

experiece-dependent brain growth

Front 16

hormone within the brain that promotes drowsiness

Back 16

melatonin

Front 17

what 3 factors affect early physical growth?

Back 17

heredity, nutrition, emotional well-being

Front 18

heredity affects growth as well as?

Back 18

genetic makeup

Front 19

nutrtion is crucial during the first ___ yrs.

Back 19

2, because brain/body are growin so rapidly

Front 20

wasted condition of the body, diet low in nutrients, painfully thin and in danger of dyin

Back 20

marasmus

Front 21

unbalanced diet very low in protein, body responds by breakin down its own protein reserves, causes swelling

Back 21

kwashiorkor

Front 22

growth disorder that results from lack of parental love

Back 22

nonorganic failure to thrive

Front 23

changes in behavior as the result of experience

Back 23

learning

Front 24

2 types of learning:

Back 24

operant- operate on enviornment and stimuli that follow (rewards, punishmentS) and classical conditiong-NS paired with a stimulus that leads to a reflexive response

Front 25

stimulus that increase the occurence of a response

Back 25

reinforcer

Front 26

gradual reduction in the strength of a response due to repetitive stimulation

Back 26

habituation

Front 27

new stimulus-chang in enviornment, causes responsiveness to return to a high level

Back 27

recovery

Front 28

control over actions that help infants get around their enviornment such as crawling, walking,standing

Back 28

gross motor

Front 29

smaller movements such as reaching and grasping

Back 29

fine motor

Front 30

mastery of motor skills invovles acquiring increasingly complex systems of action

Back 30

dynamic systems theory of motor development

Front 31

this promotes the greatest role in infant cognitive development

Back 31

reaching

Front 32

clumsy motion in which fingers close against palm

Back 32

ulnar grasp

Front 33

this age they grasp to the size/shape of the objects

Back 33

3 months

Front 34

this age they coordinate both hands in exploring objects

Back 34

4 to 5 months

Front 35

use thumb and index finger is called?

Back 35

pincer grasp

Front 36

we organize and interpret what we see?

Back 36

perception

Front 37

3 depths cues are:

Back 37

motion-infants are sensitive
binocular-2 eyes have different views
pictoral-3-d

Front 38

difference in amount of light between adjacent regions

Back 38

contrast sensitivity

Front 39

perceive objects and events as unified wholes ex: sound, odor,taste

Back 39

intermodal perception

Front 40

info that overlaps 2 or more sensory systems, ex:rate, rhythm,duration,intensity

Back 40

amodal sensory properties

Front 41

those that remain stable, in a constantly changing perceptual world

Back 41

differentiation theory, invariant features