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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lesion
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tissue destruction
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Electroencephalogram (EEG)
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an amplified recording of the waves of electrical signals that sweep across the brains surface.
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(CT) computed tomography scan
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a series of x-ray photographs taken from different angles and combined by computer into a composite representation of a slice through the body.
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PET (position emission tomography) scan
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a visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task
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MRI magnetic resonance imaging
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a technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computergenerated images that estinguish among differnt types of soft tissue; allows us to see structures within the brain
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Brainstem
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the oldest part and central part of the brain, beginning where the spinal cord swells as it enters the skull; the brainstem is responsible for automatic survival functions
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Medulla
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the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing
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Reticular formation
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a nerve network in brainstem that plays an important role and controlling arousal
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Thalamus
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the brains sensory switchboard, located at the top of the brainstem; it directs messages to sensory recieving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and the medulla
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Cerebellum
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the little brain attached to the rear of the brainstem it helps cordinate voluntery movement and balance
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Limbic system
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system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebral hemispheres; associated with emotions such as fear and agression and drives such as those of food and sex. Includes the hippocampus, amygala, and hypothalamus
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amygdala
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two almond-shaped neural clusters that are components of the limpic system an are linked to emotion
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hypothalamus
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a neural structure lying below the thalamus; directs eating drinking body temperature, helps govern endocrine system, via pituitary gland
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cerebral cortex
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the indicate fabric of interconnected neural cells that covers the cerbral hemispheres; the boy's ultimate control and information-proccesing center
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glial cells
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cells in the nervous system that support nourish and protect neurons
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frontal lobes
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just behind e forhead; involved in speaking and muscle movements; in making plans and judgements
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parietal lobes
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the portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the top of the head and towards the rear; includes a sensory cortex
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occipital lobes
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lying at the back of the head; includes the visual areas, which recieve visual information from the opposite visual fields
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temporal lobes
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above the ears, includes auditory areas, each of which recieves auditory information primarily from the opposite ear.
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motor cortex
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at the rear frontal lobes that controls voluntery movement
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sensory cortex
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the area at the front of the parietal lobes that registers and processes body sensations
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association areas
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involved in higher mental functions such as learning, remembering, thinking and speaking
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aphasia
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impairment of language
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broca's area
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controls language expression
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wernicke's area
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contrlos language reception
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plasticity
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the brains capacity for motification
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corpus collasum
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large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carying messages between them
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split brain
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conition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers between them
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endocrine system
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the body's slow chemical communication system; a set of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream
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hormones
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chemical messages,mostly those manufactured by the endocrine glands
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adrenal glands
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a pair of endocrine glans just above the kidneys. the adrenals secrete the hormones epinephrine and nonepinephrine which help arouse the body
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pituitary gland
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the endocrine systems most influencial gland, regulates growth and controls endocrine glands
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