Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
scientific study of the behavior of individuals and their mental processes
|
psychology
|
|
consists of a set of orderly steps used to analyze and solve problems
|
scientific method
|
|
means by which organisms adjust to their environment
|
behavoir
|
|
reports of observation about the behavior of organisms and the conditions under which the behavior occurs
|
behavioral data
|
|
from the broadest, most global level down to the most minute, specific level
|
levels of analysis
|
|
prediction based on an understanding of the ways events relate to one another, and it suggests what mechanisms link those events to certain predictors
|
scientific prediction
|
|
prediction that specifies the conditions under which behaviors will change
|
casual prediction
|
|
one simple principal of modern psychology
|
ideas matter
|
|
study of the structure of mind and behavior
|
structuralism
|
|
3 fronts of structuralism
|
reductionistic, elemental, and mentalistic
|
|
organized wholes
|
gestalls
|
|
minds with purpose
|
functionalism
|
|
bevior is driven or motivated by powerful inner forces
|
psychodynamic perspective
|
|
seek to understand how particular environmental stimuli control particular kinds of behavior
|
behaviorist perspective
|
|
people are neither driven by the powerful, intictive forces postulated by the Freudians nor manipulated by their environments
|
humanistic perspective
|
|
human thought and all the processes of knowing-- attending, thinking, remembering, and understanding
|
cognitive perspective
|
|
guides psychologists who search for the causes of behavior in the functioning of genes, the brain, the nervous system, and the endocrine system
|
biological perspective
|
|
attempts to understand the brain processes underlying behaviors such as sensation, learning, and emotion
|
behavioral neuroscience
|
|
seeks to connect contemporary psychology to a central idea of the life sciences, Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection
|
evolutionary perspective
|
|
those organisms that are better suited to their environments tend to produce offspring and pass on their genes more successfully than those organisms with poorer adaptations
|
natural selection
|
|
study cross-cultural differences in the causes and consequences of behavior
|
sociocultural perspective
|