Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Ceremonies or rituals in which an individual is admitted to a new status or accepted into a new position |
Initiation rite |
|
|
First menstrual period |
Menarche |
|
|
Period during which males achieve first ejaculation |
Supermarche |
|
|
Condition during adolescence in which the growth or maturation of bodily parts are uneven |
Asynchrony |
|
|
G Stanley Hall presented his pioneering theory in adolescence. Hall saw the adolescent as representing a _ _. Being an adolescent for Hall was portrayed as existing in a state of great "_ _ _," as a marginal being, confused, troubled, and highly frustrated. |
Transitional stage Storm and stress |
|
|
Literary rates appear to have a correlation to _. In countries where there is a high rate of illiteracy, children are more likely to be in the _ force, where they expend more energy than they would if they were at school. This disrupts _ accumulation and delays _. |
Menarchy Work Fat Menarche |
|
|
Adolescents usually want to be _ by their peers. They conform to _ of how a male or female their age should act, dress, or look. |
Accepted Ideals |
|
|
United States has the largest rate of _ _ of any _ nation. |
Teenage births Developed |
|
|
Process whereby an individual seeks to explain an often unpleasant emotion or behavior in a way that will preserve his/her self-esteem. |
Rationalization |
|
|
Period of inner conflict during which adolescents worry intensely about who they are. |
Identity crisis |
|
|
Bandura's view of human development; emphasizes interaction. |
Social learning theory |
|
|
Dr. Elkind has described some problems adolescents develop as a result of _ and _ _ _. |
Immaturity Abstract thought processes |
|
|
Some of the problems Dr. Elkind described include finding fault with _ _, _, _, _ _, _-_, _. |
Authority figures Argumentativeness Indecisiveness Apparent hypocrisy Self-consciousness Invulnerability |
|
|
In stage _, people believed such _ _ apply to everyone, cannot be broken, and are more important than any _ law. |
Moral laws Written |
|
|
A fear of making a wrong decision may be so great that the adolescent avoids it by making _ decision |
No |
|
|
Erik Erikson originated the term "_ _" |
Identity crisis |
|
|
Marcia view of identity crisis, came up with _ categories, the 1st being identity _ adolescents, who are seriously considering the issues but have not made a _ on any of the important matters facing them. |
4 Moratorium Commitment |
|
|
Individual has made a firm commitment about issues based not on their own choice but on suggestions of others. |
Identity foreclosure adolescents |
|
|
Have not yet given any serious thought to making decisions and has no clear sense of identity. |
Identity confused or diffused adolescents |
|
|
Have considered many identities and have freely committed themselves to occupations and other important life matters. |
Identity achievement adolescents |
|
|
Many psychologists believe that adolescents is not _-_, but a smooth transition from one stage of life to the next - especially following a _ _ |
Strife-ridden Healthy childhood |
|
|
Margaret _ studied adolescence in _ |
Mead Samoa |
|
|
Small, exclusive group of people within a larger group. |
Clique |
|
|
Acting in accordance with some specified authority. |
Conformity |
|
|
Serious eating disorder characterized by a fear of gaining weight that results in prolonged self-starvation and dramatic weight loss. |
Anorexia nervosa |
|
|
Most schools contain easily recognizable and well-defined groups. These groups are arranged in a fairly rigid _ |
Hierarchy |
|
|
Typically involves classifying individuals according to their social standing |
Social hierarchy |
|
|
One of the greatest is the fear of being disliked which leads to _ such as a teenager's fear of wearing clothes that might set them apart from others. |
Conformity |
|
|
Adolescents of both sexes tend to choose friends with values close to those of his _ |
Parents |
|
|
Another form of loss that causes _ is the breakdown of the family unit, often as a result of separation or divorce |
Depression |
|
|
Unlike deppressed adults, who usually look or feel sad, depressed teenagers may appear extremely _. They often engage in _ behavior such as _, running away, drinking, using drugs, or bring sexually promiscuous. |
Angry Rebellious Truancy |
|
|
Another serious disorder, _ nervosa, is characterized by binge eating follwed by _ - vomiting, using laxatives, or rigorous dieting and fasting - to eliminate the calories taken in during the binge |
Bulimia Purging |
|
|
The sex group (masculine or feminine) to which an individual biologically belongs. |
Gender identity |
|
|
Set of behaviors that society considers appropriate for each sex |
Gender role |
|
|
Oversimplified or distorted generalization of men and women |
Gender stereotype |
|
|
Combining or blending traditionally make and female characteristics |
Androgynous |
|
|
Set of behaviors organized around how either a male or female should think or behave. |
Gender schema |
|
|
In most cases, a person's sexuality identity and gender identity are the same: males usually idenify as males, females as female. Such individuals are _-_. When males identify as females and females identify as male, they are _. |
Gender-normative Transgender |
|
|
One's sense of oneself as male, female, or transgender. |
Gender identity |
|
|
Defined partially by genetic make-up but mainly by the society and culture in which the individual lives. |
A person's gender role. |
|
|
Parents dressing their 9-month-old boy in a football uniform are engaging in _ _ |
Gender stereotyping. |
|
|
In later studies, Bem found that the people whose responses indicated _ preferences were indeed more _ |
Androgynous Flexible |
|
|
Sandra Bem studied the traits that people associate with a specific _ |
Gender |
|
|
In a 1988 study, Janet Hyde and Marcia Linn examined 165 studies on _ ability, finding that no measurable differences in _ skills exist between males and females. |
Verbal |
|
|
When researchers examine specific topics and age trends, some differences do appear. For example, males and females perform the same in _ _ until high school. At that point, males outperform females. Men also tend to do better than females on tests of _ ability that involves forming metal maps. However, women are better at _ objects. |
Problem solving Spatial Tracking |
|
|
Biological theory of gender role _ emphasizes the role of _, _, and _ organization. |
Development Anatomy Hormones Brain organization |
|
|
According to _ _, when a child identifies with a parent of the same sex, _ _ results. Little boys identify with their fathers, girls with moms. |
Sigmund Freud Gender identity |
|
|
Social learning theory emphasizes the role of _ and _ processes on how we perceive, organize, and use information. |
Social Cognitive |
|
|
Proposes that children acquire gender roles by interacting with their environment and thinking about those experiences. |
Cognitive development theory |
|
|
Mental representation of behavior that helps a child organize and categorize behaviors. |
Gender schema |
|
|
Ability to take care of oneself and making one's own decisions. |
Autonomy |
|
|
Friends force one another to reexamine their basic assumptions and perhaps adopt new ideas and beliefs. |
Developmental friendship |
|
|
Combining old ideas with new ones and reorganizing feelunfd in order to renew one's identity. |
Resynthesis |
|
|
Concept that women and men should receive equal pay for jobs calling for comparable skill and responsibility. |
Comparable worth |
|
|
Studied how students adjust to college. |
Peter Madison |
|
|
Madison found that _ _ in particular and _ _ in general have more impact on college students than professors do. |
Developmental friendships Student culture |
|
|
Still others may keep their options _ until they have enough information and experience to make a choice. Madison called this third method of coping _. |
Open Resynthesis |
|
|
Five major sources of work satisfaction are... |
Resources Financial reward Challenge Relations with co-workers Comfort |
|
|
If work is _, it is more likely to keep your interest and allow you to use your special talents and abilities, which leads to job _. |
Challenging Satisfaction |
