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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Perception |
Process of interpreting, organizing, and often elaborating on sensations |
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Transduction |
Process by which sensory organs transform mechanical, chemical, or light energy into the electro chemical energy that is generated by neurons firing |
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Psychophysics |
Study of the relationship between the physical aspects of external stimuli and our own perceptions of these stimuli |
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Threshold |
Minimum level of intensity or strength of a stimulus that is sufficient to activate the sensory process (four instance, the minimum number of molecules that must be present in the air for us to smell a substance) |
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Absolute threshold |
Minimum physical intensity of a stimulus that can be perceived by an observer 50% of the time |
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Difference threshold |
The minimum difference in intensity that we can distinguish between the two stimuli 50% of the time which is also known as the just noticeable difference(JND) |
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Brightness |
Intensity of light, measured by the number of photons, or particles of an electromagnetic radiation, emitted by a light source |
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Hue |
The color we perceive determined partly by the wavelength of light and partly By the complex process by which an organism’s visual system mixes wave links |
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Saturation |
Proportion of colored or chromatic light to non-colored or non-chromatic light which determines how colorful light appears |
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Accommodation |
In vision, the folks in process in which the lens adjusted shape, depending on the distance between the eye and the object viewed, in order to project a clear image consequently into the retina |
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Retina |
Thin membrane at the back the eye containing photo receptors called rods and cones, which functions to record images |
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Rods |
Photo receptor cells distributed across the inner layer of the retina that are important in peripheral vision and seeing in dim light |
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Cones |
What are receptor cells distributed across the inner layer of the rent now that play and important role in the perception of color |
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Dark adaptation |
Process by which an organism‘s vision gradually becomes more sensitive to minimal levels of light due to a chemical change in the rods and cones in the retina |
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Light add up Tatian |
Process by which the organism’s vision adjust too bright lighting, due to a chemical change within the rods and cones are the right now |
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Lateral inhabitation |
Our perception of particular patterns and she is resulting from the inhibitory interaction between neighboring areas of the redneck my process called lateral inhabitation |
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Color vision among mammals |
Only primates, humans eat and monkeys are able to perceive a full range of colors |
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Color vision among mammals |
Only primates, humans eat and monkeys are able to perceive a full range of colors |
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Subtractive color mixing |
Color mixing process that occurs when pigments are mixed, so that when light falls on the colored objects some wave links are absorbed or subtracted and the others are reflected |
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Additive color mixing |
Color mixing that occurs when light of different wavelengths simultaneously stimulate the retina, so that color perception depends on adding or combining of these wave links |
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Young helmholtz theory(trichromatic theory of color vision) |
The postulation that the human eye contains three types of color receptors for red green and blue which form the basis for our perception of all colors |
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Opponent process theory of color vision |
Theory that explains CorVision based on six primary colors which are grouped into three pairs of red green, blue yellow, black white. Receptors in the eye are sensitive to specific pairs in the presence of one member of a parent Hibbetts perception of the other |
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Perceptual organization |
Process by which we structure elementary sensation such as the site of Line’s brightness and points into the objects we perceive |
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Figure |
And perception, the part of an image on which we focus our attention |
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Ground |
And perception, background against which the figure that we focus on stands |
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Perceptual grouping |
Tendency to organize patterns or stimuli into larger units according to proximity, Similarly, and good continuation |
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Proximity |
Perceptual grouping principal whereby, all else being equal, we tend to organize perceptions by grouping elements that are the nearest to each other |
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Simi |
In perception, the principle that we tend to group elements that are similar to each other in social psychology, similar leaves, interests, and values of recognized as a factor attracting people to one another |
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Good continuation |
Perceptual grouping principle that we are more likely to perceive stimuli as a whole or Single group if the flow smoothly into one another and if there are discontinuous |
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Closure |
Perceptual organizing principle That we tend to perceive incomplete figures as complete |
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Binocular cues |
Visual cues for depth or distance such as binocular disparity and Convergence, that depend on both sides working together |
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Monocular cues |
Distance cues such as linear perspective and height on the plane I can be used with just one eye |
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Selective perception |
A form of perceptual set; the tendency to perceive stimuli that are consistent with the expectations and to ignore those that are inconsistent |
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Biological rhythms |
Natural variations in biological functions, hormonal activity, temperature, and sleep that typically cycle every 24 25 hours also called circadian rhythms. |
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Supracharismatic nucleus(SCN) |
An area of the hypothalamus that is located above the optic she has |
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REM sleep |
State of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements, and often associated with dreaming |
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NREM sleep |
Stages of sleep during Which rapid eye movement’s typically do not occur dreaming occurs for less frequently during NREM sleep then during REM sleep |
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Stage 1sleep |
Light Sleep that occurs just after dozing off, characterized by brain waves called theta waves |
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Stage 2 sleep |
Stage of sleep that typically follow stage one sleep, which is characterized by brief bursts of brain activity called sleep spindles as well as K complex responses to stimuli such as noises |
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Stage 3 sleep |
Stage of sleep that typically follow stage to sleep, characterized by an EEG tracing 20 to 50% of which consists of delta waves in virtually no eye movements during stage 3 sleep |
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Stage 4 sleep |
Deepest level of sleep, characterized by an EEG tracing exceeding 50% delta waves in virtually no eye movements |
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Hypnosis |
State of altered consciousness characterized by deep relaxation and attachment as well as heightened suggestibility to the hypnotists directives |
