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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Encoding |
allows the perceived item to be converted to aconstruct that can be stored |
what happens when you encode information in a computer? |
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storage |
Holding onto information for some period of time |
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Retrieval |
Recalling stored information in a form that can be used |
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HERMANN EBBINGHAUS |
THE PIONEER OF THE COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGYINTERESTED IN THE STUDY OF MEMORY |
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Nonsense syllables |
lef, bok, yat |
left, chicken, yak |
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Serial position effect |
Remember information at the beginning and end more accurately than information in the middle |
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Primacy effect |
Items near the beginning of the list are easier to recall than those in the middle |
primal = beginning |
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Recency effect |
Items near the end of the list are also easier to recall than those in the middle |
recent = closer to END of a timeline |
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FORGETTING CURVE |
THE DECLINE OF MEMORY RETENTION OVER TIME |
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Craik & Lockhart (1972) |
Memory: dependent upon the level of processing of theinformation, rather than being in different stores with differentfeatures |
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ICONIC MEMORY |
Long enough for the brain to evaluate its importance |
if it's an iconic moment, it'll probably stick with you awhile |
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Eidetic memory |
photographic memory or total recall, is the ability to recallimages, sounds or objects in memory with great precision, |
eidetic means extremely vidid |
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Semantic memory |
General knowledge, such as language and information learned in formal education |
semantics = language |
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Episodic memory |
Knowledge of personal information: Your last summer holiday, going to thedentist’ office |
your life is a show |
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State-dependent memory |
Easier to recall memories if in same physiological or psychological state as in whenmemory was made |
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Context-dependent memory |
refers to improved recall of specific episodes or information when the context present at encoding and retrieval are the same |
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Misinformation effect |
exposure to misleading informationafter an event to alter the memory for the event |
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Flashbulb memories |
Amygdala in the brain is responsible for the long-lasting effect |
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Proactive interference |
Older information prevents or interferes with retrieval of newerinformation |
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Retroactive interference |
Newer information prevents or interferes with the retrieval of olderinformation |
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