Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is developmental psychology? |
Study of age-related physical, intellectual, social and personal changes |
|
|
Who supported the case for nature? |
Jean-Jacques Rouesseau Believed new-born = ready to go |
|
|
Who supported the case for nurture? |
John Locke newborn = tabula rasa (blank slate) |
|
|
What did Arnold Gesell say about maturation? |
infants growth occurs in a fixed sequence independent of environment |
|
|
What did John. B Watson say about nurture? |
"Give me a dozen healthy infants" |
|
|
What are the facts on why both could be true? |
-all people achieve same milestones of physical development given that basic nurture needs are met -inherited genes create predispositions that interact with environment to produce unique individuals -infants born with 'full quota' of brain cells, but connections between cells not fully developed |
|
|
What did Jean Piaget come up with? |
Cognitive Development |
|
|
What does Piaget's theory state? |
-thinking developed in a fixed sequence of stages -child is not a miniature adult with smaller quality of adult thinking; each stage of development is qualitatively different -children are active thinkers trying to make sense of their world |
|
|
What is a schemata? |
Mental models of the world used to guide and interpret experience |
|
|
What is assimilation (schemata)? |
Infant tries to fit new object into existing schema. |
|
|
What is accommodation (schemata)? |
New ideas/objects force change existing schemas. Ex. Object =/= food
New schema: Non-edible object |
|
|
What age is the sensorimotor stage?
|
birth to 2 |
|
|
What is are the schemata's associated with sensorimotor stage? |
-sensory -motor -only for objects that are present; no object permanence |
|
|
What age is the preoperational stage? |
2 - 7 years |
|
|
What ideals are associated with the preoperational stage? |
-object permanence -use of symbols to represent ovjects -egocentrism -no conservation |
|
|
What is egocentrism? |
The way things look to me is the way they look to everyone else |
|
|
What is having no conservation mean? |
Children do not recognize that properties of a substance remain the same despite changes in shape |
|
|
What does having conservation mean? |
Children can use simple logic and perform basic mental operations on real, concrete objects |
|
|
What age is with the concrete operational stage? |
7 - 11 |
|
|
What ideals go along with the concrete operational stage? |
They have conservation |
|
|
What age is the formal operational stage? |
Age 11 + |
|
|
What ideals define the formal operational stage? |
-ability to engage in hypothetical, abstract and imagine consequences of actions -development of problem solving ability |
|
|
What is the attachment behavioral system? |
motivational system regulating proximity and connection to attachment figure |
|
|
What did Harry Harlow study? |
Is the attachment the result of the caregiver providing physical love (food and nourishment) or emotional love (warm, comforting contact) |
|
|
What is the strange situation test? |
Parent and child placed in a waiting room filled with toys, stranger enters room, parents leave room, then come back. |
|
|
What are the dependent variables of the strange situation test? |
-how willing is child to leave parent and play with toys -how upset is the child when parent leaves room -how does child react when parent returns |
|
|
What are the three human attachment styles? |
-secure attachment -resistant attachment -avoidant attachment |
|
|
How does secure attachment show in the strange situation test? |
-infants explore unfamiliar room, periodically returning to parents -cry when parent leaves -happy when parent returns |
|
|
How does resistant attachment show in the strange situation test? |
-refuse to leave parent and play with toys -cry when parent leaves -scorn parent upon return, resisting affection |
|
|
How does avoidant attachment show in the strange situation test? |
-no strong attachment to parent -no cry when leave -no interest when return |
