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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Case Studies for Memory |
-HM -Clive Wearing -KF |
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Main Points of HM Case Study |
-Hippocampus was removed (27 years old) -Cause retrograde amnesia -Always though he was 27 -Had memories of events before surgery but couldn't form new memories -He was able to learn new perceptual and motor skills but had to be reminded he did them before |
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Main Points of Clive Wearing Case Study |
-Cold sore virus damaged hippocampus -He could remember some earlier events (unlike HM who couldn't remember any -Couldn't remember biographical info. as well as general knowledge -He lives in a snapshot of time -He can still play piano just like he used to |
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Main Points of KF Case Study |
-Motorcycle accident -No problem with LTM but STM was majorly affected -He could only remember 2 numbers at a time (the average person can remember 7) -He was more forgetful with auditory info. -His memory was limited to verbal materials and not meaningful sounds |
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Define SM |
Sensory memory is the store than retains impressions of information received through the senses. |
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Define STM |
Short term memory is an active memory system and contains all the information that you are currently thinking about. It is a place for temporary storage of information received from the sensory memory |
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Capacity, Duration and Encoding of STM |
Capacity: 7±2 (Miller) Duration: 20-30 seconds (Petersons) Encoding: Acoustic (Conrad) |
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Define LTM |
Long term memory involved the storage of information over extended periods of time. Storage of information longer than 30 seconds counts as LTM. |
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Capacity, Duration and Encoding of LTM |
Capacity: Unlimited (premastore) Duration: Lifetime (Bahrick) Encoding: Semantically (Baddeley) |
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Researchers involved in memory |
-Bahrick -Baddley -Conrad -Miller -Petersons -Atkinson + Shiffrin -Glanzer + Cunitz |
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Bahrick (aim, procedure and findings) |
Aim: Duration of LTM Procedure: Oppurtunity sample of 392 ex-high school students aged 17-74 years were tested in free recall of names of former classmates. 3 groups free recall photo recognition and name recognition. In photo recognition they were asked to identify former classmates in a set of 50; Findings: 15 years of graduation (90% accurate), 48 years of graduation (80% for name recall.)(70% for photo recall.). Free recall- 15yrs (60%) and 48 yrs (30%) |
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Bahrick (Conclusion, strengths and weaknesses) |
Conclusion: LTM has seemingly unlimted duration Strength: High level of mundane realism; remembering faces is a task relating to real-life settings Weakness: Familiar faces are a very specific type of information and therefore these results cannot be generalized to memory of material. It is also not clear whether the decline in accuracy was due to old age or a limited capacity of LTM. |
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Baddeley (Aim, procedure and findings) |
Aim: Encoding in LTM and STM Procedure: 4 Word Lists- Acoustically similar, Semantically similar, Acoustically dissimilar, Semantically dissimilar. For STM ps were asked to recall the on list of words they were given immediately, to test LTM the ps were asked to recall their list after a timed delay. Findings: In STM ps were more confused with acoustically similar words. In LTM ps were more confused with semantically similar words. |
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Baddley (Conclusion, strengths and weaknesses) |
Conclusion: The confusions of semantically similar words shows that LTM encodes semantically. STM encodes acoustically
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