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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Infancy AO1 |
They sleep 16hrs a day but inconsistenly (waking up in between sleep) with short sleep cycles lasting 1 hour. They have immature versions of REM and SWS called active and quiet sleep with about half of infant sleep in active sleep. proper circadian rhythm is established by 6 months with occasional daily naps. |
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Infancy AO2 |
+: Adaptive sleep - daytime sleep allows parents to complete daily tasks and increases survival chance. Nightwaking allows for feeding/warmth. +: Length of REM sleep - allows for neurotransmitters to be produced for brain growth and memory consolidation. 90% REM in immature brains of premature babies. |
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Adolescence AO1 |
Sleep 9-10hrs a night. Circadian rhythms shift so that they are more awake at night and less awake in the morning (phase delay). Male adolescent REM sleep often accompanied by orgasm and ejaculation - less likely at other ages. |
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Adolescence AO2 |
+: Change in hormone production - mainly produced at night disturbing sleep patterns and creating sleep deprivation. Syptoms of sleep deprivation are equivalent to characteristics of puberty. +: Crowley et al. describes hormonal changes as delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS) +: Wolfson and Carskadon suggest schools should begin later to accomodate DSPS
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Adulthood and Old age AO1 |
They have 8hrs sleep with 25% REM. Parasomnias are rare but dysomnias are more likely. Elderly struggle to fall asleep and wake up in the night. Elderly also experience 20% REM, 5% SWS and a phase advance |
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Adulthood and Old age AO2 |
-: Adult sleep and mortality risk - Kripke et al. found a reduced mortality rate in adults sleeping 6-7hrs but an increase in those sleeping 8hrs (10%) and 10hrs (30%) [correlational] +: Difficulty staying alseep in old age is associated with decreased SWS. van Cauter et al. suggests that reduced GH from reduced SWS results in health problems/ impaired functions. +: Medication (melatonin) to counter?
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Crowley et al. |
Adolescence AO2: Hormonal changes in adolescence causes delayed sleep phase syndrome which shifts circadion rhythms (phase delay) |
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Wolfson and Carskadon |
Adolescence AO2: Schools should begin later to account for reduced alertness from DSPS |
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Kripke et al. |
Adult and Old age AO2: found a reduced mortality rate in adults sleeping 6-7hrs but an increase in those sleeping 8hrs (10%) and 10hrs (30%) [correlational] |
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van Cauter et al. |
Adult and Old age AO2: suggests that reduced GH from reduced SWS results in health problems/ impaired functions. |
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Cultural beta bias |
Tynjala et al. found significant differences in sleep patterns when questioning 400,000 adolescents across 11 european countries. Up to an hour difference between swiss and israeli children Shin et al. found an average 6.5hrs in Korea whilst Ghanizadeh et al. found an average of 7.7 hrs in Iran |
