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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the SCN and where is it located?
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It is the Supra charismatic Nucleus. It is located on the hypothalamus...recieves information from the eyes-controls the circadian rythym.
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What does the pineal gland produce?
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this gland produces a hormone (chemical messenger released into the blood stream taken off somewhere else and helps control bodily function.)
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What are the four theories for reasons why we sleep?
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Passive,
Active, Restoration, and Evolutionary theories. |
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What do Synchronized Brain Waves look like?
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This type of wave forms are slow and regular.
these forms are seen during sleep. |
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What do Desynchronized brain waves look like?
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rapid, irregular, and during our conscious and awake state.
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What are two different kinds of synchronized waves?
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Alpha and Beta
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what are two different kinds of Desynchronized waves?
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Theta and Delta
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What are the two types of wave forms not characterized?
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spindles, and
k-complexes (only seen in stage 2) |
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What are the 5 stages of sleep?
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twilight,
desynchronized, deep sleep, Deep and quiet sleep REM sleep |
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What did Freud think dreams were?
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a pathway to wishful thinking, and unconscious desires
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What did Cartwright think that dreams were?
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Solving daily encounters...and things that you're dealing with. = your dreams.
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What was Hobson and Mccarly's theory on dreams?
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These guy's theory on dreams was Activation synthesis model...:from the "random" activation of your brain, it tries to put it together and creates a story (exscuses)
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what is cataplexy
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this is the state of paralysis while conscious., with sleep paralysis and hallucination
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What are the three types of insomnia?
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Onset-difficulty falling asleep (J. Bake)
MAintenience-can't stay asleep (Gretch) Termination- Wake up early...(Rollo) |
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what is a danger/power of hypnosis?
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one of the dangers/powers of this is whatever the hypnotizer wants you to hear..he can make hte person say..power of suggestion
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what is seratonin involved with?
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studying and focusing
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Pavlov is associated with what?
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Classical conditioning
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what did pavlov study?
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he studied his dog's digestion.
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What are the 3 responses to Pavlov's classical conditioning?
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Unconditioned STimuli, Conditioned stimuli, and Un-conditioned response.
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what is an unconditioned stimulus?
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a natural response, an instinct, a reflex
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What is a conditioned stimuli?
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Something associated with the reflex. An action such as a bell, or air puff, that brings about an implied response such as an eye blink, or salivation.
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What is an unconditioned response?
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an eye blink
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What is Acquisition?
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the Learning phase
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What is Extinction?
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the dissapearance or weakening of Conditioned Response
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What is stimulus generalization?
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When the Brain hears a specific tone or sound and associates it with a previous response.
rabbit hears a middle A instead of a middle C, would he still blink? |
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What did B.F. Skinner say?
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"There is always a reinforced reward/stimulus behind every repeated system."
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What will affect the probability and help in repeating a specific behavior.
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Reinforcement
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What is an example of a secondary reinforcement?
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money is a primary reinforcement...and what you do with your money is the 2ndary reinforcement
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what is a fixed rate reinforcement?
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training a dog to sit...and when he does, giving him a reward EVERY time. be consistent.
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What are three types of memory?
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Episodic, Semantic, and Procedural
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What does Episodic memory entail?
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...an episode..."I remember when"
sequence of events in time |
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What does SEmantic memory entail?
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Declarative
...things tha tyou can verbalize ...FACTS "I know..." |
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What does Procedural memory entail?
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Skills,
Motor skills:riding a bike, pogo stick |
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What is explicit memory?
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What we're asked to remember(PRIMARY)
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What is implicit memory?
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What you don't realize you remember...(like peripheral memory...)
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What are the three steps to remembering something
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Encoding code..and put it into memory,
Storing...maintenience memory REtrieval...REcovery of that memory |
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What is sensory memory?
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your 5 senses.
iconic-little picture that represents something echonic-sound that represents something |
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How does short-term memory work?
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Auditorially...you say things aloud in your head
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What is the max amount of items (groupings/ideas) that you can have in your short term memory box?
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7 ITEMS!!!
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what helps you remember longer?
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Dual Coding.
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What does LTM encoding use?
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SEmantic/General
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what is the primary effect?
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items recieved first are easier to remember
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what is the recency effecet
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items recieved last
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What are the two types of Amnesia?
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Retrograde-
Anterograde |
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What is Retrograde?
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a mental block that happened, and you can't remember what happened before that. You forget what "went before."
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What is anterograde?
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forward
-you can't incorporate new memories into your brain...only remember hte past |
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What is the hippocampus, and what doesit look like in shape?
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it looks like a foot, and it is in charge of binding memory areas together...It is the relay center for memory.
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What is interference?
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things that get in the way of recall/memory
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What is Anterograde?
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Interference htat happens before something...that block memory
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What is Retrograde?
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interference..but the mental block comes after the memory happens
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What does the Trochlear Nerve do?
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projects images to the eyes
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What is the path from info to Trochlear Nerve
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info--interpositus--Red Nucleus--CN
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Can you learn responses without Red Nucleus?
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NO. you need a red nucleus to complete memory
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What is field dependence?
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people who think externally and use external frames of reference
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What is field independence?
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people who think internally and use internal frames of reference
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What is the culture of Eastern society like?
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field dependenc, Wholistic style...context, inter-relationships,...thinking about the whole...consider group over individual
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What is the culture of WEstern society like?
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analytical cognitive style...focuses on the individual, and properties of individual vs. individuals related to one another
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What are the three different types of problems we solve?
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1. Inducing structure-hammer...nail/golf club...golf ball
2. Arrangement-focusing on objects in problem, and focusing on their primary use 3. |
