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238 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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performance fears
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fear of not being able to to perform during sexual behavior
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spectatoring
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acting as an observer or judge of one's own sexual performance
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psychotropic medications
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medications prescribed for psychological disorders, such as depression
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primary sexual dysfunction
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a sexual dysfunction that has always existed (usually biological or physiological causes)
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secondary sexual dysfunction
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a sexual dysfunction that occurs after a period of normal sexual functioning (usually psychological causes)
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situational sexual dysfunction
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a sexual dysfunction that occurs only in specific situations
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global sexual dysfunction
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a sexual dysfunction that occurs in every sexual dysfunction
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multimodal
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using a variety of techniques for treatment
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hypoactive sexual desire (HSD)
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diminished or absent sexual interest or desire
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sexual aversion
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persistent or recurrent extreme aversion to and avoidance of all genital sexual contact
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discrepancy in desire
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differences in levels of sexual desire in a couple
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aphrodisiac
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a substance that increases or is believed to increase a person's sexual desire
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sexual arousal disorder
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diminished or absent lubrication response of sexual excitation
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erectile disorder
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diminished or absent ability to attain or maintain until completion of the sexual activity, an adequate erection
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persistent sexual arousal syndrome
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an excessive and unremitting level of sexual arousal. may also be referred to as persistent genital arousal disorder
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vasoactive agent
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medication that causes dilation of the blood vessels
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yohimbine
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produced from the bark of the african yohimbe tree; often used as an aphrodisiac
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nocturnal penile tumescence (NPT) test
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a study performed to evaluate erections during sleep that helps clarify the causes of erectile dysfunction
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systematic desensitization
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a treatment method for sexual dysfunction that involves neutralizing the anxiety-producing aspects of sexual situations and behavior by a process of gradual exposure
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sensate focus
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a series of touching experiences that are assigned to couples in sex therapy to teach nonverbal communication and reduce anxiety
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psychogenic
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relating to psychological causes
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intracavernous injection
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a treatment method for erectile dysfunction in which vasodilating drugs are injected into the penis for the purpose of creating an erection
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priapism
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a condition in which erections are long lasting and often painful
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vacuum constriction device
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treatment device for erectile dysfunction used to pull blood into the penis
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revascularization
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a procedure used in the treatment of vascular erectile dysfunction in which the vascular system is rerouted to ensure better blood flow to the penis
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prosthesis implantation
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a treatment method for erectile dysfunction in which a prosthesis is surgically implanted into the penis
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semirigid rod
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flexible rod that is implanted into the penis during prosthetic surgery
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orgasmic disorder
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a delay or absence of orgasm following a normal phase of sexual excitement
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premature ejaculation
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pattern of ejaculating with minimal sexual stimulation before, on, or shortly after penetration and before the person wishes it
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bibliotherapy
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using books and educational material for the treatment of sexual dysfunction or other problems
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squeeze technique
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a technique in which the ejaculatory reflex is reconditioned using a firm grasp on the penis
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stop-start technique
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a technique in which the ejaculatory reflex is reconditioned using intermittent pressure on te glans of the penis
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retarded (inhibited) ejaculation
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condition in which ejaculation is impossible or occurs after strenuous efforts (relatively rare)
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retrograde ejaculation
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backward flow of ejaculate into bladder instead of being released through the urethra (relatively rare)
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vaginismus
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involuntary spasms of muscles around vagina in response to attempts at penetration
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dyspareunia
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genital pain associated with intercourse
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pubococcygeus muscle
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a muscle that surrounds and supports the vagina
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dilators
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a graduated series of metal rods used in the treatment of vaginismus
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vulvar vestibulitis syndrome
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syndrome that causes pain and burning in the vaginal vestibule and often occurs during sexual intercourse, tampon insertion, gynecological exams, bicycle riding, and wearing tight pants
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hypertension
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abnormally high blood pressure
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hypertension
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abnormally high blood pressure
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angina
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chest pains that accompany heart disease
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myocardial infarction (MI)
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a cutoff of blood to the heart muscle, causing damage to the heart; also referred to as a heart attack
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stroke
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occurs when blood is cut off from part of the brain, usually because a small blood vessel bursts
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hemiplegia
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paralysis of one side of the body
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aphasia
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defects in the ability to express and/or understand speech, signs, or written communication, due to damage to the speech centers of the brain
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disinhibition
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the loss of normal control over behaviors such as expressing sexuality or taking one's clothes off in public
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hypersexuality
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abnormally expressive or aggressive sexual behavior, often in public; the term usually refers to behavior due to some disturbance of the brain
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hyposexuality
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abnormal suppression of sexual desire and behavior; the term usually refers to behavior due to some disturbance of the brain
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ostomies
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operations to remove part of the small or large intestine or the bladder, resulting in the need to create an artificial opening in the body for the elimination of bodily wastes
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stoma
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surgical opening made in the abdomen to allow waste products to exit the body
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mastectomy
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surgical removal of the breast
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simple mastectomy
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surgical removal of the breast tissue
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oophorectomy
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surgical removal of the ovaries
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prostatectomy
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the surgical removal of the prostate gland
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cystectomy
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surgical removal of the bladder
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incontinence
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lack of normal voluntary control of urinary functions
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indwelling catheter
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a permanent catheter, inserted in the bladder, to allow the removal of urine in those who are unable to urinate or are incontinent
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penectomy
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surgical removal of the penis
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chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
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a disease of the lung that affects breathing
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hyperestrogenemia
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having an excessive amount of estrogens in the blood
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paraplegia
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paralysis of the legs and lower part of the body, affecting both sensation and motor response
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quadriplegia
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paralysis of all four limbs
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schizophrenia
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any of a group of mental disorders that affect the individual's ability to think, behave, or perceive things normally
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neuroleptics
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a class of antipsychotic drugs
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major depression
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a persistent, chronic state in which the person feels he or she has no worth, cannot function normally, and entertains thoughts of or attempts suicide
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affective disorders
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a class of mental disorders that affect mood
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contagion
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disease transmission by direct or indirect contact
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punishment concept
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idea that people who had become infected with certain disease, especially STIs, did something wrong and are being punished
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asymptomatic
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without recognizable symptoms
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latency
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a period in which a person is infected with an STI, but does not test positive for it
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pubic lice
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a parasitic STI that infests the pubic hair and can be transmitted through sexual contact; also called crabs
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scabies
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a parasitic STI that affeects the skin and is spread during skin-to-skin contact both during sexual and nonsexual contact
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gonorrhea
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a bacterial STI that causes a puslike discharge and frequent urination in men; many women are asymptomatic
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epididymitis
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an inflammation of the epididymis in men, usually resulting from STIs
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gonococcus bacterium
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the bacterium that causes gonorrhea (neisseria gonorrhoeae)
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syphilis
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a bacterial STI that is divided into primary, secondary, and tertiary stages
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congenital syphilis
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a syphilis infection acquired by an infant from the mother during pregnancy
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chancre
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a small, red-brown sore that results from syphilis infection, the sore is actually the site at which the bacteria entered the body
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chlamydia
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a bacterial STI; although often asymptomatic, it is thought to be one of the most damaging of all STI's
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nongonococcal urethritis (NGU)
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urethral infection in men that is usually caused by an infection with chlamydia
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chancroid
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bacterial STI characterized by small bumps that eventually rupture and form painful ulcers
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trichomoniasis
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vaginal infection that may result in discomfort, discharge, and inflammation
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bacterial vaginosis (BV)
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bacterial infection that can cause vaginal discharge and odor but is often asymptomatic
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lactobacillus
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bacterium in the vagina that helps maintain appropriate pH levels
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vulvovaginal candidiasis
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a vaginal infection that causes a heavy discharge; also referred to as a yeast infection
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yeast infection
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vaginal infection that causes an increase in vaginal discharge, burning, and itching and may be sexually transmitted; also referred to as VULVOVAGINAL CANDIDIASIS
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herpes
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highly contagious viral infection that causes eruptions of the skin or mucous membranes
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herpes simplex virus (HSV)
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the virus that CAUSES herpes
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herpes simplex I (HSV-I)
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viral infection that causes cold sores on the face or lips
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herpes simplex II (HSV-II)
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viral infection that is sexually transmitted and causes genital ulcerations
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viral shedding
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release of viral infections between outbreaks from infected skin
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autoinoculate
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cause a secondary infection in the body from an already existing infection
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prodomal phase
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tingling or burning felling that precedes the development of herpes blisters
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human papillomavirus (HPV)
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sexually transmitted viral infection that can cause genital warts, cervical cancer, or both
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genital wart
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wartlike growth on the genitals; also called venereal wart, condylomata, or papilloma
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cervical dysplasia
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disordered growth of cells in the cervix, typically diagnosed with Pap testing
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viral hepatitis
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viral infection; three main types of viral hepatitis include hepatitis A (HAV), hepatitis B (HBV), and hepatitis C (HCV)
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human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
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retrovirus responsible for the development of AIDS; can be transmitted during vaginal or anal intercourse
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acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
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a condition of increased susceptibility to opportunistic diseases; results from an infection with HIV, which destroys the body's immune system
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T-lymphocyte (T-helper cell)
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type of white blood cell that helps to destroy harmful bacteria in the body
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reverse transcriptase
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a chemical that is contained in the RNA of HIV; it helps to change the virus' DNA
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opportunistic disease
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disease that occurs when the immune system is depressed; often fatal
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viral load
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amount of viral particles in a sample of blood. a person with high viral load usually develops AIDS faster than a person with a low viral load
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oral candidiasis
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an infection in the mouth caused by the excess growth of a fungus that naturally occurs in the body
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pneumocystic carinii pneumonia (PCP)
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a rare type of pneumonia; an opportunistic disease that often occurs in people with AIDS
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toxoplasmosis
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a parasite that can cause headache, sore throat, seizures, altered mental status, or coma
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cryptococcosis
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an acute or chronic infection that can lead to pulmonary or central nervous system infection
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cytomegalovirus
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a virus that can lead to diarrhea, weight loss, headache, fever, confusion, or blurred vision
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Kaposi's sarcoma (KS)
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a rare form of cancer that occurs in untreated men with AIDS
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ELISA (enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay)
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screening test used to detect HIV antibodies in blood samples
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Western Blot
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a test used to confirm a positive ELISA test; more accurate than the ELISA test, but too expensive to be used as the primary screening device for infection
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false negative
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a negative test result that occurs in a person who is positive for the virus
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false positive
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a positive test result that occurs in a person who is negative for the virus
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highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)
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the combo of three or more HIV drugs
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HIV RNA testing
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test that allows health care providers to monitor the amount of virus in the blood stream
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CD4 + T cell amount
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test that can determine the T-helper white blood cell count, which will show how well a person's immune system is controlling HIV
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What is worldwide number of people living with HIV?
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38 million
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Where do 90% of children infected with HIV live?
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Sub-Saharan Africa
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T or F: Chronic illnesses, such as diabetes, can negatively affect sexual functioning.
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True
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Paraphilia
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clinical term used to describe types of sexual expressions that are seen as unusual and potentially problematic. A person who in engages in paraphilia is often referred to as a paraphiliac.
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Fetishist
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one who focuses intensely on an inanimate object or body part (the fetish) for the arousal of sexual desire
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lovemap
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term coined by JOHN MONEY to refer to the template of an ideal lover and sexual situation we develop as we grow up
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hypophilia
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lack of full functioning of the sexual organs due to missing stages of childhood development
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hyperphilia
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compulsive sexuality due to overcompensating for negative reactions to childhood sexuality
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courtship disorder
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a theory of paraphilias that a person's paraphilia stems from being stuck in a preliminiary stage of normal courtship progression
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conditioning
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in behaviorism, the process whereby a person associates a particular behavior with a positive response, for example, if food repeatedly is served to a dog right after the sound of a bell, the dog will salivate at the sound of the bell even when no food is served
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Transvestite fetishism
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a paraphilia in which the preferred or exclusive method of sexual arousal or orgasm is through wearing the clothing of the other sex
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sadism
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focus on administering pain and humiliation as the preferred or exclusive method of sexual arousal and orgasm
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masochism
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focus on receiving pain and humiliation as the preferred or exclusive method of sexual arousal and orgasm
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sadomasochism
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sexual activities of partners in which one takes a dominant, "master", position, and the other takes a submissive, "slave", position
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dominant
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describes the active role in sadomasochistic sexuality
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submissive
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describes the passive role in sadomasochistic activity
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flagellation
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striking a partner, usually by whipping
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caning
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beating someone with a rigid cane
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birching
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whipping someone using the stripped branch of tree
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scatophagia
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ingestion of feces, often as a sign of submission
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urolagnia
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ingestion of urine, often as a sign of submission
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infantilism
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treating the submissive partner as a baby, including dressing the person in diapers in which he or she is forced to relieve him/herself
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dominatrix
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a professional dominant woman who charges money to engage in bondage and discipline fantasy play with submissive clients
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exhibitionist
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person who exposes his or her genitals to strangers as a preferred or exclusive means of sexual arousal and orgasm
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voyeur
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one who observes people undressing or engaging in sex acts without their consent as a preferred or exclusive means of sexual arousal and orgasm
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scatolophilia
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sexual arousal from making obscene telephone calls
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scopophilia
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psychoanalytic term for voyeurism, literally "the love of looking"
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primary voyeurism
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voyeurism as the main and exclusive paraphilia
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troilism
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any sex sessions involving multiple partners, typically witnessed by others
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pedophilia
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sex with children as a preferred or exclusive mode of sexual interaction in an adult; child molestation. People who engage in this behavior are called pedophiles, or sexual offenders.
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ephebephilia
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attraction to children who have just passed puberty; also called hebephilia
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recidivism
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a tendency to repeat crimes, such as sexual offenses
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frotteurism
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an intense and recurrent fantasy or behavior that involves touching and rubbing the genitals against a nonconsenting person in a crowded place
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toucheurism
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the act of compulsively touching strangers with the hands to achieve sexual arousal
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zoophilia
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sexual attraction to animals in fantasy or through sexual contact as a preferred or exclusive means of sexual arousal and orgasm (also referred to as bestiality)
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necrophilia
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sexual attraction to dead bodies in fantasy or through sexual contact as a preferred or exclusive means of sexual arousal and orgasm
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penile plethysmography
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a test performed by measuring the amount of blood that enters the penis in response to a stimulus, which can indicate how arousing the stimulus is for the male
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Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
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psychological test used to assess general personality characteristics
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shame aversion
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a type of aversion therapy in which the behavior that one wishes to extinguish is linked with strong feelings of shame
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systematic desensitization
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technique by which a person learns to relax while experiencing arousal or anxiety-provoking stimuli
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orgasmic reconditioning
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sex therapy technique in which a person switches fantasies just at the moment of masturbatory orgasm to try to condition himself or herself to become excited by more conventional fantasies
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satiation therapy
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therapy to lessen excitement to an undesired stimulus by masturbating to a desired stimulus and then immediately masturbating again, when desire is lessened, to an undesired stimulus
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obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
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psychological disorder in which a person experiences recurrent and persistent thoughts, impulses, or images that are intrusive and inappropriate and that cause marked anxiety and repetitive behaviors
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nymphomaniac
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term used to describe women who engage in frequent or promiscuous sex; usually used pejoratively
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Don Juanism, or satyriasis
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terms used to describe men who engage in frequent or promiscuous sex
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rape
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forced sexual behavior without a person's consent
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sexual assault
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coercion of a nonconsenting victim to have sexual contact
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rapist psychopathology
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theory of rap that identifies psychological issues in a rapist that contribute to rape behavior
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victim precipitation theory
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theory of rape that identifies victim characteristics or behaviors that contribute to rape ("blame the victim" theory)
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feminist theory
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theory of rape contending that rape is a tool used in society to keep a woman in her place
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sociological theory
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theory of rape that identifies power differentials in society as causing rape
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rape crisis centers
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organizations that offer support services to victims of sexual assault, their families, and friends. Many offer info, referrals, support groups, counseling, educational programs, and workshops
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rape trauma syndrome (RTS)
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a two-stage stress response pattern that occurs after a rape
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posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
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anxiety disorder recognized by the DSM-IV-TR that can develop after a life threatening or anxiety-producing event and can cause ongoing emotional and psychological symptoms, such as insomnia, depression, flashbacks, and nightmares
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acute phase (rape)
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first stage of the rape trauma syndrome, in which a victim often feels shock, fear, anger, and or other feelings
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long-term phase (rape)
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second stage of the rape trauma syndrome, which involves a restoration of order in the victim's lifestyle and reestablishment of control.
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silent rape reaction
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type of rape trauma syndrome in which a victim does not talk to anyone after the rape
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child sexual rape
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sexual contact with a minor by an adult
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incest
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sexual contact between persons who are related or have a caregiving relationship
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incest taboo
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absolute prohibition of sex between family members
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dissociative disorder
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psychological disorder involving a disturbance of memory, identity, and consciousness, usually resulting from a traumatic experience
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dissociative personality disorder (DPD)
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dissociative disorder in which a person develops two or more distinct personalities
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traumatic sexualization
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common result of sexual abuse in which a child displays compulsive sex play or masturbation and shows an inappropriate amount of sexual knowledge
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intimate partner violence (IPV)
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pattern of coercive behavior designed to exert power and control over a person in an intimate relationship through the use of intimidation, threats, or harmful or harassing behavior
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sexual harassment
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unwanted sexual attention from someone in school or the workplace; also includes unwelcome sexual jokes, glances, or comments, or the use of status or power to coerce or attempt to coerce a person into having sex
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quid pro quo harassment
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type of sexual harassment that involves submission to a particular type of conduct, either explicitly or implicitly, to get education or employment (teacher tells student better grade if they engage in conduct)
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hostile environment harassment
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type of sexual harassment that occurs when an individual is subjected to unwelcome repeated sexual comments, innuendos, or visually offensive material or touching that interferes with school or work (student or employee might repeatedly tell sexual jokes)
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fresco
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type of painting done on wet plaster so that the plaster dries with the colors incorporated into it
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pornography
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sexually oriented material that is created simply for the purpose of arousing the viewers
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decency
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conformity to recognized standards of propriety, good taste, and modesty - as defined by a particular group (standards of decency differ among groups)
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obscenity
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legal term for materials that are considered offensive to standards of sexual decency in a society
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hard core
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describes explicit, genitally oriented sexual depictions; more explicit than soft core, which displays sexual activity often without portrayals of genital penitration
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erotica
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sexually oriented media that are considered by a viewer or society as within the acceptable bounds of decency
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media
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all forms of public communication
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mass media
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media intended for a large, public audience
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subliminal
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existing or functioning below the threshold of consciousness, such as images or words, often sexual, that are not immediately apparent to the viewer of an advertisement, intended to excite the subconscious mind and improve the viewer's reaction to the ad
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prurient
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characterized by lascivious thoughts; used as criterion for deciding what is pornographic
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pimp
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slang term refers to the male in charge of organizing clients for a female prostitute
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madam
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slang term refers to the woman who is responsible for overseeing a brothel or group of prostitutes
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brothel
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house of prostitution
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john
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slang term that refers to a prostitute's client
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trick
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slang term that refers to the sexual services of a prostitute; also may refer to a john
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patriarchal
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of or pertaining to a society or system that is dominated by male power
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pseudofamily
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type of family that develops when prostitutes and pimps live together; rules household responsibilities, and work activities are agreed on by all members of the family.
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call girl
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higher-class female prostitute who is often contacted by telephone and may either work by the hour or the evening or for longer periods
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courtesan
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prostitute who often interacts with men of rank or wealth
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escort agency
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agency set up to arrange escorts for unaccompanied males; sexual services are often involved
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lineup
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lining up of prostitutes in a brothel so that when clients enter brothel they can choose the prostitute they want
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bondage and discipline (B&D) prostitute
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prostitute who is paid to engage in bondage and discipline fantasy play with clients
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gigolo
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man who is hired to have a sexual relationship with a woman and receives financial support from her
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rimming
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oral stimulation of the anus
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water sports
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sexual services that involve urinating on or inside one's sexual partner
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call boy
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higher-class male prostitute who is often contacted by telephone and may either work by the hour or the evening or for longer periods
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she-male
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slang term that refers to a male who has been on hormones for sex reassignment but has not undergone surgery; she-males often have both a penis and breasts
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archetypes
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ancient images that Carl Jung believed we are born with and influenced by
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comfort girl
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a woman in Japan or the Phillipines during WWII who was forced into prostitution by the government to provide sex for soldiers; also called HOSPITALITY GIRL
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T or F: Pornography first emerged in the 17th century.
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F: 18th century
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T or F: Of the estimated 750,000 to 1,000,000 minors who run away from home each year, 85% eventually become involved in prostitution.
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True
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Someone who has a sexual dysfunction that always existed is:
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PRIMARY
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Sexual Desire disorders become:
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more common for females after menopause
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T or F: 33% of women, 16% of men report a lack of interest in sex
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True
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27% of women have premenopausal lack of interest in sex. What is the postmenopausal rate?
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52%
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True or False: Sexual Arousal Disorders can be caused by a blood flow issue.
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True
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What sexual dysfunction has the most treatments?
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Male Erectile Disorder
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|
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What is the percent of women in the U.S. and worldwide who are unable to lubricate or stay lubricated?
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20% US, 30% Worldwide
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|
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How many million men in the US have an erectile disorder?
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30 million men
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Which of the following is NOT a pharmacological treatment for erectile disorder: Cialis, Viagra, Loestrin, Levitra
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Loestrin
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T or F: Paraphilias are similar to impulse-control disorders
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True
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Most paraphiliacs are (MALES) or (FEMALES)
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MALES
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What is the most accurate way to describe most S&M encounters?
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They involve ritualized behaviors and no one receives lasting harm
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T or F: a developmental theory of paraphilia is that we are born with a general erotic potential that can be attached to almost anything.
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True
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T or F: psychoanalytic theories of paraphilia say that paraphilias are NOT related to the Oedipal Crisis and Castration Anxiety.
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FALSE
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T or F: Transvestites do NOT want to change biological gender.
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True
|
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T or F: Scopophilia is sexual gratification from watching people undress.
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True
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T or F: Among nonhuman mammals, forced penile penetration, rape, occurs commonly in a a lot of species.
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True
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T or F: Women are more likely to commit suicide after being raped.
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False, MEN
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|
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Which country has the highest rate of rape?
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US
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|
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What is the victim precipitation theory of rape?
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It shifts responsibility of rape onto the victim
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T or F: Surveys show in US that about 1/2 of rapes are reported (an increase from a few years ago)
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True
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|
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T or F: US rate rape is 12X higher than England and 30X higher than Japan
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False 12X higher than England and 20X higher than Japan
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T or F: Rapists have antisocial personality patterns
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True
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