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88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is fear? |
- A survival mechanism that involves our mind and body - A signal for danger to prepare us for it - Even babies have the survival instincts necessary to respond when they sense danger - Organism must have brain and spinal cord to experience fear |
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Is fear instrumental? Give an example. |
YES. Fear is instrumental.
- Fear reactions occur when an organism (with a central nervous system) senses danger, or when it is confronted with something new and unknown that might be potentially dangerous
Ex: Dark alley... being approached by "fearful" strangers |
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____ happens when response/behavior is icnonsistent with the demand characteristics one is facing |
Neurosis
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Give an example of neurosis |
Most of us would agree that it's important to wash our hads. But we'd also agree that repeatedly washing our hads is abnormal
So although something is done normally, too much of it can be seen as abnormal |
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_____ is the state of being free from psychological ailments that adversely impact upon the affective, cognitive or behavior dimensions of the personality |
Mental health |
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What is Epistemology? |
It's how we come to know what we know
- it refelcts the deliberative process of people systems |
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Why do we have Epistemology? |
Because many aspects of human behavior are subject to the appraisal and scrutniy of people systems |
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What is classical conditioning? |
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Explain the relationship between classical conditioning and IED blasts? |
Army veterans who were exposed to years of vigilance and fear were developed a conditioned response of fear for paper bags and trash cans because those objects were paired with IED blasts in the war zones |
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Explain the relationship between classical conditioning and facial features of people in the airprot |
After 911 people were conditioned to fear of riding planes with middle-eastern looking poeple because the perpetrators of the 911 attack were middle eastern people. The faces of the people were the conditioned stimulus |
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____ is extreme fear from "apprasied" psychological trauma, resulting feelings of horror, helplessness and causing avoidance. |
Terror |
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What is the statistic for annual rape/sexual assault? |
- Rape/Sexual Assault-200,000 sexual assaults/yr - 1 in 4 women experience domestic violence |
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____ is the passive exposure to traumatic events. It's usually witnessed but still having a profound effect of intrapsychic functioning. |
Vicarious trauma |
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Give an example of vicarious trauma |
- Going to see a movie and witnessing a graphic rape scene as a sexual assault survivor (Girl with the Dragon Tatoo
- Going on bloodshow and noticing hte beheading of a person |
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How can vicarious trauma impact? |
It can impact anyone who witnesses something very grotesque and cringing that it causes a profound effect on the intrapsychic functioning |
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Describe mental disorder in terms of DSM IV (role of classification) |
A behavioral, cognitive, or affective syndrome occurs in an individual that is associated with pronounced distress and results in disability with social and/or occupational functioning |
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What is the most common psychiatric disorder ? |
Anxiety |
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_____ is the disruptive fear of particular object or situatoin |
Phobia |
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_____ phobia is fear of objects or situations that is out of proportion to any real danger
Ex: fear of animals |
Specific phobia
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_____ phobia is fear of unfamilliar people or social scrutiny
Ex: Be very self-conscious in front of other people and feel embarrassed |
Social phobia |
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How much is the percentage of the prevalence of panic disorder US population? |
23% |
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_____ is a sudden, intense episode of apprehension, terror, feelings of impending doom.
- Physioligcal symptoms may include: sweating, nausea, labored breathing, diziness, heart palpitations, etc. |
Panic attack |
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Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by |
Excessive chonic worrying that lasts at least 6 months
- Symptomps include: restlessness, poor concetration, irritability, muscle tensin, tires easily - Often begins in adolescence or earlier: "I've always been this way" |
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_____ happens after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event that invovles actual or threatened death or injury. The event causes intense fear, horror/terror or helplessness |
Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Ex: experiencing deaths in war, rape, natural disasters where loved ones were physically seen dying |
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How long do the symptoms of PTSD last for? |
1 month |
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What is the difference between PTSD and acute stress disorder (ASD)? |
ASD and PTSD same for most part. Different in the time that symptoms occur. ASD symptoms occur between 2 days and 1 month after. PTSD symptoms lasts for more than one month. |
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_____ is any incident of threatening behavior, violence or abuse between adults who are or have been intimate partners or family members, regardless of gender or sexuality |
Domestic violence |
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What are the different types of domestic violence? |
1. Psychological 2. Physical 3. Sexual 4. Financial 5. Emotional |
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Women accounted for ____% of the victims of intimate violence, while men accounted for ____% |
85%, 15% |
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_____ is the inability to process new, contradictory information about someone/something once believed was understood; therefore, we deny it.
Ex: "He didn't just slap me... he's my boyfriend" "He didn't just rape me... he's my boyfriend"
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Assimilation |
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____ is a feeling or emotion that ranges from mild irritation to intense fury and rage. It's a nautral respones to situations where we feel threatened, believe harm will come to us, or believe another person has unnecessarily wronged us; results from frustration when our needs, desires, and goals are not being met |
Anger |
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_____ is a behavior that is intended to cause harm to another person or damage property
Ex: verbal abuse, threats, or violent acts |
Agression |
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_____ refers to a complex set of attitudes and judgments that motivate aggressive behaviors |
Hostility |
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Explain the distinction between Anger, Agression, and Hostility |
Anger is a feeling or emotion, and agression is a behavior that's meant to cause harm to something or someone. Hostility is a set of compex attitudes that motivate aggresive behavior. One does not have to be aggresive in order to be angry. On the other hand, hostility is an attitude that involves disliking other and evaluating them negatively |
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Where does anger originate from? |
Lymbic system |
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Cerebral cortex are last to develop and the _____ are last brain region to fully crystallize |
Frontal lobe |
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Give examples of the natural temptations of the lymbic drive |
- Hunger - Thirst - Sex - Fear - Aggression
Ex: "What is the last thing you recall having to resist?" |
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What are the executive functions of the dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex? |
1. Emotional controlability to modulate affect 2. Recognizes errors/wrong in order to inhibit impulsivity by the limbic system |
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What did Jordan Grafman, a cognitive neuroscientist, discover from Vietnam War veterans who suffered damage to the prefrontal cortex? |
Damage to the prefrontal coretx caused more aggresive behavior. Most likely damaged the Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) |
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Explain the implications of damage to the prefrontal coretx |
- Causes defficiency in emotional control and failure to prevent impulsive violent behaviors - The prefrontal cortex must be in good working condition in order to plan deliberately and strategically - Offender may not have empathy or regret |
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_____ is an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates from the expectations of the individual's culture, is pervasive and inflexible, has onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time leads to distress or impariment. - DSM-IV |
Personality disorder |
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_____ is behavior that lacks consideration for others and may cause damage to the society, whether intentionally or through negligence |
Anti-social behavior |
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What are the symptoms of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) before the age of 15? |
Conduct disorders
- Truancy - Running away - Lying - Theft - Arson - Destruction of property |
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What is one main characteristic of ASPD? |
Lack of remorse |
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_____ personality disorder is charcterized by grandiose view of oneself; self-centeredness; lacks empathy; envious of others; arrogant; little concern for needs and well being of others; sensitive to criticism; seeks out "high-status partners" |
Narcissistic personality disorder |
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Explain Kohut's Self Psychology model of narcissistic personality disroder |
- Narcissists have low self-esteem - During childhood, narcissism was valued as a means to increase parent's own self-esteem |
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Explain the Social cognitive model of narcissistic personality disorder |
- Narcissits have low self-esteem - Interpersonal relationships are a way to strengthen sagging self esteem |
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______ is a distinctive cluster of behaviors and inferred personality trais, most of which society views as pejorative which include, a callous disregard for the rights of others and a propensity for predatory and violent behaviors without remorse. They charm and exploit other for their own gain. They lack empathy and a sense of responsibility, and they manipulate, lie and con others with no regard for anyone's feelings |
Psycopathy |
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______ is having a sense of morality and a well-developed conscience, but the sense of right and wrong is not that of the parent culture |
Sociopathy |
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Do psycopaths have souls? Explain. |
Almost anything works here.
In terms of a religious point of view, everyone has a souls, however, I wouldn't consider psycopaths as having a sould in the sense that soul denotes empathy and emotions for others. Therefore, I do not think that psycopaths do not have a soul because of their callous behavior and heinous acts |
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_____ pertains with the principles or rules of right conduct or the distinction between right and wrong. |
Morality |
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What is the spirit of the penal code? |
Laws say generally one cannot:
1. Prevent people from their unalienable right to be left alone 2. Hurt people 3. Threaten people
Established through consensus; otherwise, there would be mayhem |
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Do certain disorders preclude other disorders?
Ex: UCSB shooter |
NO, there are other people with the same conditions that the UCSB shooter had and they do not involve themselves in extreme narcissism. On that note, his predispostion does not preclude him from being a psychopath because his conditions is not characterized by lack of empathy and remorse for others. |
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Individuals with schizophrenia who have major disturbances in thought have very disordered _____, faulty perception and attention, and disrupted interpersonal relationships |
Thinking |
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What are the "positive symptoms" of schizophrenia? |
- Delusions - Persucotory delusions - Hallucinations |
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Differentiate between delusions and persecutory delusions through examples |
Delusions - firmly held beliefs - contrary to reality - resistant to disonfirming evidence
Persecutory delusions - "The CIA has planted a listening device in my head" (paranoid) |
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What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia? |
- Avolition - Alogia - Anhendonia - Flat affect - Asociality |
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Give an example of inappropriate affect |
Laughing at a funeral |
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What is one major subtype of schizophrenia? |
Paranoid |
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Describe paranoia in schizophrenia |
Paranoia is characterized by delusions of possible persecutions to one's self. They follow the notion of ideas of reference where they relate every neutral event to themselves.
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Give an example of paranoia |
Ex: Newscast on TV is about me; people in dating relationships are mocking me; they together to insult me, embarrass me
clear grandiosity of one's self |
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The spirit of _____ is to ensure that, unless absolutely unattainable, an individual's right to personal freedom and liberty and self-determination is preseved |
Welfare and Institutions Code |
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Why do we have the Spirit of Welfare and Institutions Code? |
In order to provide personal freedom and liberty and self-determination for people who are an imminent danger to self, imminent danger to others, or is gravely disabled and is incapable of providing for oneself
Person is NOT TO BE INVOLUNTARILY COMMITED of a crime
Ex: Police cannot detain or "hold" psychiatrically a person who does not AT THIS VERY MOMENT, present an imminent danger or threat to self or other |
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_____ is demonstrated by an abnormal fixatoin and generates a long-term pattern of harrassment, threats; or unsolicited acts of visitation (or attempted contact) or telephonic or written communications in an annoying or threatening manner towards another person |
Stalking |
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What is objectification in stalking? |
Treating a person as an object
Ex: Thinking that a wo/man is a kind of trophy; something there to gratify her/his status, pride, or desires |
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What are the several distinct types of treatment for objectification? |
- Denial of autonomy - Denial of particularity - Denial that the other's thoughts and feelings matter - Denial that the other's bodily integrity matters - Instrummentalization |
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____ is any incident of violence that impacts an individual while working or on a duty |
Workplace violence |
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_____ is characterized by a person with inflexible revenge fantasies that provide desperately needed sustencance to their self-esteem
- Person with this condition is able to feel better by gaining a sense of power an control by ruminating on, and finally planning out their vengeance
- Often dressed in various warrior outfits |
Pseudo-commando
Ex: Virginia Tech Case |
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What s the core of institutional/workplace violence? |
1. Psychiatric illness in the form of clinical disorders such as psychosis or severe major depression/bipolar disorder with psychotic features (delusions)-- "impaired reality testing"
2. Psychiatric illness in the form of extreme personality disorders such as anti-social/narcissistic personality subtypes |
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_____ is a procedure that confines a person in a mental hospital either for:
- Determination of competency - After acquittal by reason of insanity |
Criminal commitment |
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Describe comptency to stand trial |
The accused must be able to participate in his or her defense |
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The _____ are adrenal (for adrenaline) glands that send signal to body that there is imminent danger. This is an involuntary response
Ex: "get the f*** out of there!" |
Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) |
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What action do we actually engage in first?
Fight-flight reponse or Flight-fight response |
Flight-fight reponse |
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Why do drivers return to the scene of the crime after hit and run? |
- They're more calm - They feel guilty - They're able to use reason when they return - Not as afraid as at time of accident |
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_____ refers to the killing of innocent people by a non-government group in such a way as to create a media spectacle
- intimidates governments of societies - Goal is to achieve political, religious, or ideological objectives
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Terrorism |
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Do warfare and terrorism have similar objectives? |
NO.
Warfare seeks to conquer or defend territories. Terrorism aims to instill fear in many people to advance a political ideology |
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_____ is a species-specific and inborn propensity to rapidly acquire a particular kind of insight |
Prepared learning |
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Is fear and terrorism "hard-wired"? |
Fear is hardwired. Terrorism is learned |
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Give the old and new definition of terrorism |
Old terrorism: Has a specific target New terrorism: It's indiscriminate; rejects all other ways of life and advocates a categorical and inflexible worldview consistent with the belief of the terror group Ex: religious ideology |
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_____ is the idea that terrorist attacks need to be visible impressive to gain public attention
Ex: 911 attack |
Propaganda of the Deed |
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______ is the use of apparently random/unpredictable violence by weaker military against a stronger military to gain advantage
Ex: Guerilla style warfare |
Assymetric warfare |
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What was the statistics of PTSD in army veterans since 2002? |
75,719 |
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What is one of the most important type of stress injuries during combat? |
Operational fatigue |
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Give some examples of traumatic events in combat that can eventually percipitate PTSD |
- Friendly fire - Death or maiming of children and women - Seeing gruesome scenes of carnage - Handling dead bodies and body parts - Killing unarmed or defenseless enemy - Being helpless to defed or counterattack |
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Give an example of moral injury |
- Belief in "what's right" - Belief that our cause is honourable - Belief that every troop is valued - Belief in the basic goodness of people |
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____ is a physical damage by external blunt or penetrating trauma; scraping of brain across bny base of skull
Ex: whiplash |
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) |
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____ results from pressure generated from an explosion which causes in over-pressurization, and often causes TBI |
Blast injury |
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PTSD patients are ____ times more likely to attetmp suicide than the general population |
6 times more likely |
