Psychology 1/2 Examination Revision

Front 1

What is the frontal lobe responsible for?

Back 1

Executive functioning - reasoning, planning, problem solving, decision making, symbolic thinking etc.

Front 2

What does the primary motor cortex do?

Back 2

It initiates and controls voluntary movements.

Front 3

What does Broca's area do?

Back 3

It is in charge of articulate speech production.

Front 4

What does the Parietal Lobe do?

Back 4

It receives and processes bodily or somatosensory information such as touch, temperature, information about muscle movement and the body's position in space.

Front 5

What does the Primary Somatosensory Cortex do?

Back 5

Receives and processes senseory information from the skin and body parts.

Front 6

What is the occipital lobe devoted to?

Back 6

The sense and processing of visual stimulants.

Front 7

What is the primary visual cortex in charge of?

Back 7

The destination of visual infomration from our eyes. thee information comes from visual sensory receptors located on the retina at the back of each eye.

Front 8

What does the temporal lobe do?

Back 8

Involved with auditory perception, memory, visual perception and emotional responses.

Front 9

Primary auditory cortex?

Back 9

receives and processes sounds from both ears.

Front 10

WHat does wernicke's area do?

Back 10

Critical function in processing and making sense of speech, comprehension.

Front 11

Identifythe 4 different lobes of the brain

Back 11

Parietal, Frontal, Occipital and temporal.

Front 12

Whatis the relationship between the CNS & PNS?

Back 12

The PNS gathers information from receptorsin the skin, muscles, organs and sends it to the CNS which then takes theinformation, processes it and acts on it

Front 13

Name all different parts of the NS

Front 14

What is a neuron?

Back 14

A neuron is an individual nerve cell in the human nervous sytem.

Front 15

What is the differencebetween the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system?

Back 15

The central nervous system comprises of thebrain and the spinal cord however, the peripheral nervous system comprises ofthe autonomic and somatic nervous system. The CNS also handles involuntaryinformation and the PNS handles voluntary information.

Front 16

What are different areas in this pic?

Back 16

a) frontal lobe

b) primary motor cortex

b1)somatosensory cortex

c)visual cortex

d)occipital lobe

e)temporal lobe

f)auditory cortex

g)brocas area

Front 17

What does the spinal cord do?

Back 17

connects the brain and peripheral nervous system.

Front 18

The brain area involved in regulating bodily activities is?

Back 18

Hindbrain

Front 19

What does the autonomic nervous system do?

Back 19

It is the self regulating n/s, it is incharge of doing things that we are not in control of. Parasympathetic and Sympathetic nervous systems are a group of this nervous system.

Front 20

What is the pons

Back 20

Regulation of breathing etc

Front 21

What is the hindbrain?

Back 21

Cerebellum, pons and medulla

Front 22

What is the medulla?

Back 22

Reflexes like coughing and vomiting.

Front 23

What is the corpus collosum?

Front 24

What is the reticular formation?

Back 24

Arousal, sleep, attention

Goes through the core of medulla, pons etc

Front 25

What is the midbrain?

Front 26

What is physical development?

Back 26

Changes to the body and its various systems, such as development of the brain and nervous system, bones and muscles, motor skills and the hormonal chanes of puberty and menopause.

Front 27

Social development involves what?

Back 27

Changes in an indivisual's relationships with other people, and their skills in interacting with others, such as the ability to form close relationships and interact with others in a group situation.

Front 28

WHat is cognitive development?

Back 28

Changes in an individual's mental abilities, such as perception, thinking etc.

Front 29

What is emotional development?

Back 29

How someone reacts to something or interprets something and how their feelings are expressed.

Front 30

What is continuous development?

Back 30

Development involves gradual andongoing changes thoroughout the lifespan without sidden shifts/

Front 31

Discontinuous development?

Back 31

Development involves seperate stages with different kinds of abilities occurring in each stage.

Front 32

What does environment mean in psychology?

Back 32

All the experiences, objects and events to which we are exposed throughout our entire lifetime.

Front 33

What is the nature vs nurture debate?

Back 33

How we are bought up may affect us and how our genes may affect us. Instead of debating which one is more influential, researchers now focus more on trying to understand how hereditary & environmental factors combine to interact in influencing our thoughts, feelings & behaviour.

Front 34

What does maturation refer to?

Back 34

The orderly and sequential developmental changes which occur in the nervous system and other bodily structures controlled by our genes.

Front 35

What is the principle of readiness?

Back 35

States that unless the necessary bodily structures are sufficiently mature, then no amount of practice will produce the particular behaviour.

Front 36

Describe infancy.

Back 36

Birth - 2 years

Infants are dependent on adults.

Bond between infant and primary caregiver important for later emotional development.

Many psychological abilities are rapidly devloping.

Front 37

Describe childhood.

Back 37

2-10 years of age

Children become more independent form parents

They gain scholarly skills

Spend lots of time playing

Develop a sense of right and wrong

Front 38

Adolesence.

Back 38

10-20 years of age

Marked by the onset of puberty.

Dominated by seeking independent from parents.

Heavily influenced by friends

Thought processes are more logical.

Front 39

Early adulthood.

Back 39

20-40 years

Establishing a life

Making babies

Front 40

Middle age

Back 40

40-65 years

advancing career

supporting offspring

Front 41

old age

Back 41

65+ years

retires

decrese in stamina.

Front 42

What is a sensitive period in development

Back 42

sensitive periods are periods of rapid change when individuals seem to be more vulnerable or responsive to influences from their environement. Outside this period of time, the same environmental influences need to be stronger to produce the same effects.

Front 43

WHat is a critical period in development?

Back 43

A specific period in development which an organism is most vulnerable to the deprivation or absense of certain environmental stimuli or experiences.

Front 44

What is a monozygotic twin?

Back 44

They are identical and are formed with one egg which has split into two after a few days.

Front 45

Dizygotic twins are?

Back 45

Fraternal, they are basically brothers/sisters born at the same time.

Front 46

What is the attachment theory?

Back 46

Human infants need a secure relationship with an adult caregiver in order for healthy emotional and social development to occur.

Front 47

What are the three types of attachement?

Back 47

Secure attachment.

Insecure resistant attachment

Insecure avoidant attachment

Front 48

What is secure attachment?

Back 48

This infant shows a balance between dependent and exploration, the infant uses the care giver as a safe base for which to venture out and explore an unfamiliar environment, but shows distress and decreases exploration when the caregiver departs.

Front 49

What is insecue avoidant addachment?

Back 49

The infant does not seek closeness or contact with the caregiver and treats them much like a stranger.

The infant rarely creis when the caregiver leaves the room and ignores them when they return.

Front 50

What is insecure resistant attachment?

Back 50

The infant appears anxious when they are near

When the caregiver returns, they want to be picked up but cry until they are put down.

Front 51

Who is harry harlow?

Back 51

that guy who made those monkeys

Front 52

What is assimilation?

Back 52

The process of taking in new information and fitting it into an dmkaing it part of and existing idea.

Front 53

Accomodation?

Back 53

When we cannot assimilate information, we are forced to change or accomodate an existing mental idea to fit the new object or experience.

Changing an existing mental idea in order to fit new information.

Front 54

What are the four stages to piagets theory?

Back 54

Sensorimotor

Pre operational

Concrete operational

Formal

Front 55

What is the sensorimotor stage?

Back 55

Object permanence

Goal directed behavour

0-2 years

Front 56

What is the pre operational stage?

Back 56

Symbollic thinking and egocentrism

animism and transfomation (understanding that one thing can change states.)

Centration(when child can only focus on one thing at at time.

Front 57

What is the concrete operational stage?

Back 57

conservation

classificaion

Front 58

formal operational stage?

Back 58

more complex thought processes become evident

abstract thinking and logical thinking

Front 59

What is mental wellbeing?

Back 59

Use their abilities to reach their potential

Cope with everyday life

FOrm positive relationships.