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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Electroencephalogram (EEG) |
- amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity of the waves of electrical activity that sweeps across the brain's surface - waves measured by electrodes placed on the scalp |
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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan |
- a visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task |
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) |
- a technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images of soft tissue - shows brain's anatomy |
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Functional MRI (fMRI) |
- a technique for revealing bloodflow and, therefore, brain activity by comparing successive MRI scans -shows brain function |
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Brainstem |
- the oldest part and central core of the brain, beginning where the spinal cord swells as it enters the skull - the brainstem responsible for automatic survival functions |
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Medulla |
- the base of the brainstem - controls heartbeat and breathing |
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Crossover Point |
- where most nerves to and from each side of the brain connect with the body's opposite side |
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Thalamus |
- the brain's sensory switchboard, located on top of the brainstem - directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medualla |
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Cerebellum |
- the "little rain" at the rear of the brainstem - functions include processing sensory input and coordinating movement output and balance |
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Reticular Formation |
- nerve network that travels through the brainstem - plays an important role in controlling arousal - part of brainstem |
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Limbic System |
- neural system: hippocampus, amygdala, and and hypothalamus - located below the hemispheres - associated with emotions and drives |
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Amygdala |
- two lima bean-sized nueral clusters in the limbic system - linked to emotion |
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Hypothalamus |
- a neural structure lying below the thalamus - it directs several maintenance activities (eating, drinking, body temperature) - helps govern the endocrine system via pituitary gland - linked to emotion and reward |
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Pituitary |
- master endocrine gland |
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Pons |
- helps coordinate movement - part of brainstem |
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Spinal Cord |
- pathway for neural fibers traveling to and from brain - controls simple replexes |
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Hippocampus |
- linked to memory - part of limbic system |
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How do neuroscientists study the brain's connections to behavior and mind? |
- Through the use of PETs, fMRI, MRIs, and EEG |
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What structures make up the brainstem, and what are the functions of the brainstem, thalamus, and cerebellum? |
- pons, reticular formation, medulla - brainstem: - thalamus: - cerebellum |
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What are the limbic system's structures and functions? |
- hippothalamus, hypothalamus, and amygalda |
