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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Freud believed that personality had three parts id ego and superego referring to this as the? |
Tripartite personality |
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He believe that a personality had three parts the id ego and superego referring to this as the tripartite personality |
Sigmund Freud |
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It allows us to get our basic needs met. Freud believe that it is based on the pleasure principle it wants immediate satisfaction, with no consideration of the reality of the situation |
Id |
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As a child interacts more with the world the ________ begins to develop. It's job is to meet the needs of the id, while taking into account the constraint of reality it acknowledges that being impulsive or selfish and sometimes hurt us, so the id must be constrained (reality principle) |
Ego |
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The __________ begins to develop during the phallic stage as a result of moral constraint placed on us by our parents. |
Superego |
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It is believed that a strong superego serves to inhibits its biological instinct of the id resulting in? |
High level of guilt |
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A week superego allows the id more expression resulting in? |
Low level of guilt |
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It is originally created by John B. Watson (1878-1958) and popularized by Burrhus Fredric Skinner 1904-1990 commonly known as B.F skinner |
Behavioral theory |
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It maintains that human actions are developed through learning experience that behavior is learned when it is rewarded and extinguished by negative reaction or punishment. |
Behavioral theory |
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People are not actually born to act violent but they learn to be aggressive to their life experience. Criminality is learned through close relationship with others ; asserts that children are born good and learned to be bad from others |
Social Learning Theory |
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Sources of behavior: |
• Family member • Mass media • Environment |
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Steps in behavior modeling process: |
1. Attention 2. Retention 3. Reproduction 4. Motivation |
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A branch of psychology that studies the perception of reality and moral process required to understand the world we live. |
Cognitive theory |
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Adolescence who use information properly are better condition to make reason judgement and who can make quick and reason decisions when facing emotion laend are the ones that can avoid antisocial behavior choices. |
Cognitive theory |
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A swiss psychologist who was the first to make a systematic study of the acquisition of understanding in children based on his cognitive development theory. Hypothesized that a children's reasoning process develop in an orderly manner beginning at birth and continuing until the age of 12 and older and it has four stages. |
Jane William Fritz Piaget (1896-1980) |
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Coordination of sense with motor response, sensory curiosity about the world. Language used for demands and cataloging. Object performance developed |
Stage: Sensorimotor Age Range 0-2 years |
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Symbolic thinking, use of proper syntax and grammar to express full concepts. Imagination and intuition are strong but complex abstract thought still difficult. conservation developed. |
Stage: Preoperational Age Range 2-7 years |
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Concepts attached to concrete situations. Time space and quantity are understood and can be applied but not as independent concepts. |
Stage: Concrete operational Age Range 7 to 11 years |
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Theoretical, hypothetical, and counterfactual thinking. Abstract logic and reasoning. Strategy and planning become possible. Concept learned in one context can be applied to another. |
Stage: Formal operations Age Range: 11 + years |
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Lawrence A. Kohlberg (1927-1987) expanded piaget's theory of cognitive development and applied the concept of development stages to issue in the criminology. |
Moral development theory |
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He expanded piaget's theory of cognitive development and applied the concept of development stages to issue and criminology |
Lawrence A. Kohlberg (1927-1987) |
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His theory of moral development (1973) was dependent on thinking of the former american philosopher John Dewey |
Lawrence A. Kohlberg (1927-1987) |
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Lawrence A Kolberg (1927-1987) and his associate found out that criminals were found to be lower in moral judgment development the non-criminals of the same social background. |
Moral Development Theory |
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Suggest the people who obey the law simply to avoid punishment or have outlooks mainly characterized the self interest are more likely to commit crimes in those who live the law as something that benefits all society and who honored the rights of others |
Moral development theory |
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No difference between doing writing and avoiding punishment |
Level/stage Obedience/punishment
Age range Infancy |
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Interest shifts to rewards rather than punishment effort is made to secure greatest benefit for oneself |
Level/stage Self interest Age range Preschool |
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The good boy/girl level. Effort is made to secure approval and maintain friendly relationship with others. |
Level/stage Conformity and interpersonal order
Age range School stage |
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Orientation toward fixed rules. The purpose of morality is maintaining the social order. Interpersonal accord is expanded to include the entire society. |
Level/stage Authority and social order
Age range School age |
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Mutual benefit, reciprocity. Moral right and legal right are not always the same utilitarian rules that make life better for everyone. |
Level/stage Social contract
Age range Teens |
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Morality is based on principles that transcend mutual benefit. |
Level/stage Universal principles Age range Adulthood |
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Refers to the socialization and social learning that helps to explain the ways in which children growing up in a violent family learn violent rules and subsequently, may play out the roles of victim or victimizer in their own adult families. |
Intergenerational Transmission |
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Stated that criminal and antisocial parents tend to have delinquent and antisocial children. The concept this is also used by social scientist who conduct research on family violence. |
Intergenerational Transmission Theory |
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It beats the famous saying, "opposite changes attracts". It focuses on assertive mating female offenders tend to prohibit with or get married to male offenders. |
Alternative theory |
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In a study in new zealand, he and his colleagues found that sexual partners tend to be similar in their self reported antisocial behavior. children with two criminal parents are likely to be disproportionally antisocial. |
Robert F. Kruger |
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There are two main cases of explanation concerning similar people tend to get married, prohibit, or become sexual partners. |
Social Homogamy Phenotypic Assortment |
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Convicted people tend to choose each other as mates because of physical and social proximity; they meet each other in the same schools, neighborhood, clubs, pubs and so on |
Social homogamy |
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People examine each other's personality and behavior and choose partners who are similar to themselves |
Phenotypically Assortment |
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In 1966, Ernest W. Burgess and Ronald L. Akers combined Bandura's social learning theory and Sutherland's theory of differential association to produce the theory of? |
Differential Association Reinforcement Theory |
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In 1966, ______and________ combined Bandura's social learning theory and sutherlands theory of differential association to produce the theory of? |
Ernest W. Burgess and Ronald L. Akers |
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In 1966, Ernest W. Burgess and Ronald L. Akers combined ____________ and Sutherland's theory of differential association to produce the theory of differential association reinforcement theory |
Bandura's social learning theory |
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In 1966, Ernest W. Burgess and Ronald L. Akers combined Bandura's social learning theory and _________ to produce the theory of? |
Sutherland's theory of differential association |
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The presence of criminal behavior depends on whether or not it is rewarded or punished and the most meaningful reward and punishment are given by groups that are important to an individual's life that your group the family members teachers and school and so on. |
Differential Association Reinforcement Theory |
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If the criminal behavior illicits more positive reinforcement or reward and punishment such behavior will process this means that criminal behavior will continue if it is positively rewarded than being punished |
Differential association reinforcement theory |
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Hans J. Aysenck claims that all human personality may be seen in three dimensions such as psychoticism, extraversion, and neuroticism. |
Eysenck's Conditioning Theory |
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He claims that all human personality may be seen in three dimensions such as psychoticism, extraversion, and neuroticism. |
Hans J. Aysenck |
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Are aggressive, egocentric and impulsive |
Psychoticism |
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Are sensation seeking, dominant and assertive |
Extroversion |
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Are those with low self esteem, excessive anxiety and wide mood swings |
Neuroticism |
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Eysenck prepare the ___________ and found a those criminals uniformly score higher in any of those mentioned dimensions that non-criminals |
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) |
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This theory was proposed by James Q. Willson and Richard Julius Herrnstein which predatory street crime by showing how human nature develops from the interplay of psychological, biological and social factors. |
Integrated theory |
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Integrated theory was proposed by _________ and______ which predatory street crime by showing how human nature develops from the interplay of psychological, biological and social factors. |
James Q. Willson and Richard Julius Herrnstein |
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Its main concept is that the interaction of genes with environment that some individuals from the kind of personality likely to commit crime |
Integrated theory |
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They stated that the factors that push the individuals to commit crimes are intelligent quotient, bodybuild, genetic makeup, impulsiveness, ability to delay gratification, aggressiveness and even those mothers would drink and smoke while pregnant. Last they even argue that if reward such as money is greater than the expected punishment there is an increase likelihood that a crime will be committed. |
Integrated theory by James Q. Willson & Richard Julius Herrnstein |
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He deviced this theory who expressed the notion that child needs warm and affection from his her mother or mother substitute. |
Edward John M Bowlby |
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Bowlby emphasized that the most important phenomenon to social development takes place after the birth of any mammal and that is the construction of an emotional bond between the infant and his attachment affects the capacity to be affectionate and to develop intimate relationship with others. Habitual criminals is claim to have inability to form bonds of affection. |
Maternal Deprivation & Attachment Theory |
